河南淅川龙山岗遗址动物遗存分析
发布时间：2018-10-15 11:51
【摘要】：河南淅川龙山岗遗址本次的发掘工作始于2008年5月,至今已出土了大量的动物遗存,这为本文的动物考古学分析提供了丰富的资料来源。龙山岗遗址第一年度5000平方米的发掘面积共出土了15286件动物骨骼标本,总重量多达234834.69克,分属于仰韶晚期、屈家岭时期和石家河时期。而且,猪骨在这三个时期中无论在数量还是重量上都占据了绝对优势。 在论文整体结构上,本文首先介绍了国内外动物考古学的发展历程及现状,并对本文的主要研究思路进行了说明。随后在第一、二章中,分别说明了龙山岗遗址的文化性质和动物群资料及其所反映的环境信息。第三章主要是通过与王屋山野猪数据的对比研究认为,龙山岗遗址在三个期别中都出现了家猪。第四章对遗址猪群的年龄结构进行了分析。其中,年轻成年个体占据主体的现象似乎反映了古人的有意行为,以此来满足其瘦肉和脂肪的双重营养需要。本文第五章继续通过动物材料分析人类行为：遗址普通居住址猪下颌骨的高发现率可能反映了古人并未特殊收藏猪下颌,骨骼风化痕迹不占多数及存在动物啃咬痕迹的骨骼数量不多可能表明遗址中的动物在消费后短时间内即被掩埋处理,骨骼破碎程度高可能暗示着古人敲骨吸髓行为的盛行。最后,本文在第六章中讲述的是猪下颌烧骨的探索性实验。通过在遗址实地进行的对骨骼和燃料类别、燃料放置位置、燃烧时间和烧骨处理方式等方面的差异性模拟实验,本文得出了遗址H160的燎祭猪下颌骨并未带肉、燃料为秸秆类植物、燃料放置在骨骼上部烧制、燃烧时间不超过30分钟、燃烧后烧骨并未立即掩埋等初步的、尝试性的结论。
[Abstract]:The excavation of Longshan site in Xichuan Henan Province began in May 2008 and a large number of animal remains have been unearthed so far which provides a rich source of data for the analysis of animal archaeology in this paper. The excavation area of 5000 square meters in the first year of Longshan Gang site has unearthed 15286 animal skeleton specimens, with a total weight of up to 234834.69 grams, belonging to the late Yangshao period, Qujialing period and Shijiahe period. In addition, pig bone in these three periods in both the number and weight of the absolute advantage. In the whole structure of the thesis, this paper first introduces the development course and present situation of animal archaeology at home and abroad, and explains the main research ideas of this paper. Then, in the first and second chapters, the cultural nature, fauna and environmental information of Longshan site are explained. The third chapter mainly through comparing with the data of Wangwushan wild boar shows that there are domestic pigs in the three stages of Longshan site. The fourth chapter analyzes the age structure of the site pig herd. Among them, the phenomenon that young adult individuals occupy the main body seems to reflect the ancients' intentional behavior to meet the double nutritional needs of lean meat and fat. In the fifth chapter of this paper, we continue to analyze human behavior through animal materials: the high discovery rate of the mandible of pigs living in the site may reflect that the ancients did not have a special collection of pig mandibles. The small number of bones which do not account for the majority of skeletal weathering traces and the existence of gnawing marks may indicate that the animals in the site were buried within a short period of time after consumption and the high degree of bone fragmentation may indicate the prevalence of bone aspiration behavior in the ancients. Finally, in chapter 6, we discuss the exploratory experiment of porcine mandibular burn. Based on the different simulation experiments on bone and fuel types, fuel placement, burning time and bone burning treatment methods, the paper concludes that the singed pig mandible of site H160 does not carry meat. The fuel is a kind of straw plant. The fuel is placed in the upper part of the bone and burned for less than 30 minutes. The burning bone is not buried immediately after burning and so on.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K878
本文编号：2272462
[Abstract]:The excavation of Longshan site in Xichuan Henan Province began in May 2008 and a large number of animal remains have been unearthed so far which provides a rich source of data for the analysis of animal archaeology in this paper. The excavation area of 5000 square meters in the first year of Longshan Gang site has unearthed 15286 animal skeleton specimens, with a total weight of up to 234834.69 grams, belonging to the late Yangshao period, Qujialing period and Shijiahe period. In addition, pig bone in these three periods in both the number and weight of the absolute advantage. In the whole structure of the thesis, this paper first introduces the development course and present situation of animal archaeology at home and abroad, and explains the main research ideas of this paper. Then, in the first and second chapters, the cultural nature, fauna and environmental information of Longshan site are explained. The third chapter mainly through comparing with the data of Wangwushan wild boar shows that there are domestic pigs in the three stages of Longshan site. The fourth chapter analyzes the age structure of the site pig herd. Among them, the phenomenon that young adult individuals occupy the main body seems to reflect the ancients' intentional behavior to meet the double nutritional needs of lean meat and fat. In the fifth chapter of this paper, we continue to analyze human behavior through animal materials: the high discovery rate of the mandible of pigs living in the site may reflect that the ancients did not have a special collection of pig mandibles. The small number of bones which do not account for the majority of skeletal weathering traces and the existence of gnawing marks may indicate that the animals in the site were buried within a short period of time after consumption and the high degree of bone fragmentation may indicate the prevalence of bone aspiration behavior in the ancients. Finally, in chapter 6, we discuss the exploratory experiment of porcine mandibular burn. Based on the different simulation experiments on bone and fuel types, fuel placement, burning time and bone burning treatment methods, the paper concludes that the singed pig mandible of site H160 does not carry meat. The fuel is a kind of straw plant. The fuel is placed in the upper part of the bone and burned for less than 30 minutes. The burning bone is not buried immediately after burning and so on.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K878
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