古代珍贵彩绘文物胶结材料的免疫分析技术研究
发布时间：2018-10-16 16:39
【摘要】：中华文化历史悠久,留存下大量精美珍贵的物质遗存。这些文物除了文化和艺术价值,同时也是研究古代文明和探索历史进程的重要物证。彩绘类文物,如各种壁画、建筑彩绘、陶质彩绘等是文化和艺术价值最高的一类文物。胶结材料是彩绘文物的关键成分之一,分析其成分不仅是研究文物工艺史的需求,而且对于濒危文物病害机理的研究,以及设计和实施加固保护措施也都具有十分重要的指导意义。但是,由于胶结材料含量很少,杂质多、易老化、流失快,加之分析检测技术的局限性,使得彩绘文物胶结材料的检测成为当今文物分析领域中比较困难的课题。本研究以中国古代彩绘常用胶结材料蛋清、明胶、鱼胶和牛奶为主要研究对象,采用酶联免疫吸附技术(ELISA)和免疫荧光显微镜技术(IFM)分别对实验室模拟彩绘样品和12个古代彩绘样品进行了分析研究,验证了两种方法的特异性和灵敏性；同时,针对目前已用典型保护材料作用下的彩绘样品进行分析检测,证实了目前常用保护材料对彩绘本身结构和成分分析无损害,进一步验证该方法的安全与可行性,并强调了文物修复中应遵循可区别性原则；通过IFM对秦俑彩绘样品的分析证实了秦俑彩绘样品中含有蛋清成分。ELISA与IFM二者各具优势,彼此互补,不仅可以实现快速、经济、高效、微量的检测,还可以知道文物样品胶结材料在微观结构上的分布和层位关系,有机结合后更加适合古代彩绘文物胶结材料的检测鉴定。
[Abstract]:Chinese culture has a long history, leaving a large number of exquisite and precious material remains. In addition to cultural and artistic values, these artifacts are also important evidence of the study of ancient civilization and the exploration of historical processes. Painted cultural relics, such as all kinds of murals, architectural paintings, pottery paintings and so on, are of the highest cultural and artistic value. Cementing material is one of the key components of painted cultural relics. The analysis of its composition is not only the requirement of studying the history of cultural relics, but also the research on the mechanism of endangered cultural relics disease. And the design and implementation of reinforcement and protection measures also have very important guiding significance. However, due to the small amount of cementing materials, the large amount of impurities, the easy aging, the fast loss, and the limitation of the analysis and detection technology, the detection of the cemented materials of painted cultural relics has become a more difficult topic in the field of cultural relics analysis. The main objects of this study are egg white, gelatin, fish glue and milk, which are commonly used in ancient Chinese painting. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunofluorescence microscopy (IFM) were used to analyze the simulated and 12 ancient painted samples, respectively. The specificity and sensitivity of the two methods were verified. Based on the analysis and detection of the painted samples under the action of typical protective materials, it is proved that the protection materials used at present have no harm to the analysis of the structure and composition of the painting itself, and further verify the safety and feasibility of the method. It is emphasized that the principle of differentiability should be followed in the restoration of cultural relics, and the analysis of painted samples of terracotta warriors by IFM proves that the painted samples of terracotta warriors contain egg white components. ELISA and IFM have their respective advantages and complement each other. High efficiency and micro detection can also know the distribution and stratigraphic relationship of cemented materials in the microstructure of cultural relic samples, which is more suitable for the detection and identification of the cemented materials of ancient painted cultural relics after organic combination.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：K879;O657
[Abstract]:Chinese culture has a long history, leaving a large number of exquisite and precious material remains. In addition to cultural and artistic values, these artifacts are also important evidence of the study of ancient civilization and the exploration of historical processes. Painted cultural relics, such as all kinds of murals, architectural paintings, pottery paintings and so on, are of the highest cultural and artistic value. Cementing material is one of the key components of painted cultural relics. The analysis of its composition is not only the requirement of studying the history of cultural relics, but also the research on the mechanism of endangered cultural relics disease. And the design and implementation of reinforcement and protection measures also have very important guiding significance. However, due to the small amount of cementing materials, the large amount of impurities, the easy aging, the fast loss, and the limitation of the analysis and detection technology, the detection of the cemented materials of painted cultural relics has become a more difficult topic in the field of cultural relics analysis. The main objects of this study are egg white, gelatin, fish glue and milk, which are commonly used in ancient Chinese painting. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunofluorescence microscopy (IFM) were used to analyze the simulated and 12 ancient painted samples, respectively. The specificity and sensitivity of the two methods were verified. Based on the analysis and detection of the painted samples under the action of typical protective materials, it is proved that the protection materials used at present have no harm to the analysis of the structure and composition of the painting itself, and further verify the safety and feasibility of the method. It is emphasized that the principle of differentiability should be followed in the restoration of cultural relics, and the analysis of painted samples of terracotta warriors by IFM proves that the painted samples of terracotta warriors contain egg white components. ELISA and IFM have their respective advantages and complement each other. High efficiency and micro detection can also know the distribution and stratigraphic relationship of cemented materials in the microstructure of cultural relic samples, which is more suitable for the detection and identification of the cemented materials of ancient painted cultural relics after organic combination.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：K879;O657
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前10条
1 郑秦;吴小锋;郑海玲;周e，
本文编号：2275000
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