泸县新溪村传统村落文化景观保护研究

发布时间：2018-11-21 07:33

【摘要】：传统村落作为我国历史文化发展历程中的重要载体,如何有效保护与利用其特有历史文化价值已成为新时代可持续发展和人居“返璞归真”性的重要问题。随着城市化进程的加快,人口大量涌入城镇,村落“空居”现象十分明显,较多富有传统文化底蕴的村落正逐渐衰退乃至消失;同时由于人为过多干预与不恰当的保护措施,导致传统村落“失真”、“千篇一律”等问题也较为普遍,保护传统村落以及传统文化意义十分重大,保护传统村落便是保护人类文明、农村经济形态以及乡土文化,是研究我国人居文化、环境演变及未来发展的基础。本文以泸县兆雅镇新溪村作为研究区,针对传统村落文化景观保护作了如下五个方面研究。(1)本文首先阐述了传统村落、村落文化景观等重要名词的概念;分析了国内外对于传统村落保护的发展历程,以及相关指导性政策及建议。在此基础上明确了传统村落保护的原则、重要导向及具体保护方式及策略。(2)以泸县兆雅镇新溪村作为具体研究对象,结合实地调查及相关史料文献从地理区位、历史文化沿革以及历史文化内涵等方面进行阐述,深入分析了新溪村建设现状,发现其有如下问题:(1)村内土地现状用地性质较为单一,公共服务设施、文化设施用地不足,村内新老民居建筑混杂,现状未有新区建设,给村内保护发展建设带来一定限制;(2)居民整体现状生活水平较差,村内具有保护价值的古迹处于无保护状态,极易遭到人为破坏。(3)在对新溪村现有物质文化景观、自然文化景观、非物质文化景观分析基础上,选取了适当的传统村落文化景观保护价值评价的方法(AHP层次分析法),并从“历史影响价值”、“建筑遗存价值”、“民俗文化传承价值”、“景观价值”以及“保护开发条件”五个方面构建了价值评价体系,以定性和定量分析相结合的方式评估新村历史文化景观保护的价值。结果表明,历史影响价值、建筑遗存价值、民俗文化传承价值是新溪村最具保护意义的历史特征。(4)通过新溪村保护价值的综合评价结果,基于“以人为本”、“维持村落传统历史格局”原则,提出了以“一轴一带五区”为空间布局模式的传统村落文化景观保护设想与方案,并划分了新溪村保护区域及各区域规划实践模式。(5)最后,建立相应的实施与管理措施以保证传统村落保护规划落到实处,提出以下传统村落保护规划管理及实施保障措施:(1)构建基于ArcGIS的传统建筑信息系统;(2)坚持以“自下而上”和“自上而下”相结合的保护模式;(3)寻求合理的保护支撑模式。本文以新溪村为例研究了传统村落文化景观保护的依据、方案及实施保障措施,从一定层面揭示了泸县乃至西部地区传统村落的历史发展历程及普遍现状,对研究传统村落相关历史具有重要意义,且可为其他地区传统村落保护提供一定借鉴作用。
[Abstract]:As an important carrier in the development of Chinese history and culture, how to effectively protect and utilize the unique historical and cultural values of traditional villages has become an important issue in the sustainable development of the new era and the return of human settlements to the original. With the acceleration of the urbanization process, a large number of people pour into cities and towns, the phenomenon of "empty houses" in villages is very obvious, and more villages with rich traditional culture are gradually declining or even disappearing. At the same time, problems such as "distortion" and "stereotype" of traditional villages due to excessive human intervention and inappropriate protection measures are common. It is of great significance to protect traditional villages and traditional cultures. The protection of traditional villages is to protect human civilization, rural economic form and local culture, which is the basis for the study of human settlement culture, environmental evolution and future development in China. This paper takes Xinxi Village of Zhaoya Town, Luxian County, as the research area, and makes the following five aspects of research on the protection of traditional village cultural landscape. (1) this paper first expounds the concept of traditional village, village cultural landscape and other important nouns; This paper analyzes the development of traditional village protection at home and abroad, as well as relevant guiding policies and suggestions. On this basis, the principles of traditional village protection, important guidance and specific protection methods and strategies are clarified. (2) taking Xinxi Village, Zhaoya Town, Luxian County as the specific research object, combining with field investigation and related historical documents from the geographical location, The history of history and culture as well as the connotation of history and culture are expounded, and the present situation of Xinxi village construction is deeply analyzed. It is found that there are the following problems: (1) the present land use in the village is of a single nature, and the public service facilities, The lack of land for cultural facilities, the mixed construction of new and old houses in the village, and the lack of construction of new areas in the present situation have brought certain restrictions to the development and construction of protection and development in the villages; (2) the overall living standard of the residents is poor, and the historic sites with protected value in the village are in an unprotected state and are vulnerable to human destruction. (3) the existing physical and cultural landscape, natural and cultural landscape of Xinxi Village, Based on the analysis of immaterial cultural landscape, this paper selects the appropriate method of evaluating the value of traditional village cultural landscape protection (AHP Analytic hierarchy process), and from "Historical influence value", "Architectural relics value", "Folk Culture inheritance value", Five aspects of "landscape value" and "protection and development conditions" have been constructed to evaluate the value of historical and cultural landscape protection in Xincun village by combining qualitative and quantitative analysis. The results show that the historical influence value, the value of architectural relics and the value of heritage of folk culture are the most protective historical characteristics of Xinxi Village. (4) through the comprehensive evaluation results of Xinxi Village protection value, based on the "people-oriented", Based on the principle of "maintaining the traditional historical pattern of villages", this paper puts forward a plan and scheme for the protection of the cultural landscape of traditional villages based on the pattern of "one axis and five districts". Finally, the corresponding implementation and management measures are established to ensure the implementation of traditional village protection planning. The following measures are put forward: (1) constructing the traditional building information system based on ArcGIS; (2) adhering to the protection mode of "bottom-up" and "top-down"; (3) seeking reasonable protection support mode. Taking Xinxi Village as an example, this paper studies the basis, scheme and implementation of the protection of the cultural landscape of the traditional villages, and reveals the historical development process and the general situation of the traditional villages in Luxian and even in the western part of the country from a certain level. It is of great significance to study the history of traditional villages, and can provide some reference for the protection of traditional villages in other areas.
【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K878;TU982.29

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