西夏特色兵器的研究
发布时间：2019-03-31 15:24
【摘要】：本文以西夏文、汉文文献为主,结合考古文物资料及当前研究状况,拟对西夏兵器的种类、制作的材料、规格、方法以及兵器的校验等问题做尽可能全面的分析探讨,以期对西夏兵器能有一个比较准确的认识。 通过本文分析,我们可以对西夏特有兵器以下几点认识: 第一,西夏的兵器以冷兵器为主,火器还很少使用,而同时代的宋朝却开始比较普遍地使用火器。有些兵器如火蒺藜等,西夏是从宋朝借鉴并发展来的。有些兵器如夏国剑等,是西夏党项民族自己制造的,富有民族特色。与同时代的并立政权相比,西夏特有兵器如神臂弓、夏人剑、旋风炮、瘊子甲等,在当时却居于领先地位。夏人制造的神臂弓传人宋朝,又传人元、明两朝,在战场上广为使用,在中国兵器史上写下了辉煌的一页。 第二,西夏的兵器制作由铁工院、木工院等政府部门负责,各类兵器有专门的工匠负责制造。同时,西夏存在私人制造及买卖兵器的现象,国家对这一现象是认可的,但对私营兵器实行严密的监控。军器的配备具有十分明显的等级性。 第三、西夏武术特有兵器的发展绝不是一个偶然的现象,而是与其所存在的社会环境息息相关。众多社会因素的综合影响之下,才产生了西夏兵器的辉煌。在众多影响因素中,人文地理因素是一个基础条件。商业贸易的发展在这一时期成为西夏兵器发展的最大驱动力。正是由于有了这种社会的推动力量,在西夏统治区域特有兵器才得以蓬勃发展。 第四、西夏特色兵器的发展经历了一个从无到有、由简趋精的过程,最终在中国兵器史上亦留下了辉煌的一页。西夏特色兵器提高了西夏军队的战斗力,在西夏对外作战中发挥了巨大的作用,而且也传入了中原地区,对中原王朝产生了广泛而深远的影响,在中国兵器史上写下了辉煌的一页。同时,由于各国兵器的互相借鉴与交流,也加强了西夏与中原王朝之间经济和文化的交流,促进了当时各民族间互通有无以及相互融合,为促进祖国西北地区的发展作出了一定的贡献。 由此,笔者得出结论西夏的特色兵器取得了极大的发展,以弩、炮等远射武器的发展尤为突出。不但在以前基础上进行许多改良,而且发明了许多威力巨大的新兵器。就整体而言,西夏特色兵器较之宋、辽、金的武术兵器先进。
[Abstract]:In this paper, based on the Xixia and Chinese literature, combined with the archaeological cultural relics and the current research situation, this paper intends to make as comprehensive analysis and discussion as possible on the types, materials, specifications, methods and calibration of the weapons of the Xixia, as well as other issues, such as the types, materials, specifications, methods and calibration of the weapons, etc. In order to have a more accurate understanding of the Xixia weapons. Through the analysis of this paper, we can understand the following points: first, the weapon of Xixia is mainly cold weapon, the firearm is still rarely used, but the contemporary Song Dynasty began to use firearms more commonly. Some weapons such as fire bristles, Xixia is from the Song Dynasty and developed. Some weapons, such as Xia Guojian, are made by the Xixia Party and are full of national characteristics. Compared with the concurrent regime of the same era, Xixia special weapons such as Divine arm bow, Xia Ren sword, Tornado, warts, etc., were in the leading position at that time. Xia people made the divine arm bow passed on the Song Dynasty, and the Yuan Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty, widely used in the battlefield, in the history of Chinese weapons wrote a brilliant page. Second, the Xixia weapons production by the iron works college, wood works and other government departments, all kinds of weapons are specialized craftsmen responsible for the manufacture. At the same time, the phenomenon of private manufacture and trade in weapons exists in Xixia, which is recognized by the state, but the private weapons are closely monitored. The equipping of military weapons is of a very obvious rank. Thirdly, the development of special weapon in Xixia martial arts is not an accidental phenomenon, but is closely related to its social environment. Under the comprehensive influence of many social factors, the brilliance of the Xixia weapon came into being. Among the many influencing factors, the human geography factor is a basic condition. The development of commercial trade in this period has become the biggest driving force of the development of Xixia weapons. It was because of this social impetus that the unique weapons of the Western Xia region flourished. Fourth, the development of Xixia characteristic weapons experienced a process from nothing to existence and refined by Jane, and finally left a brilliant page in the history of Chinese weapons. The Xixia characteristic weapon improved the combat effectiveness of the Xixia army, played a huge role in the foreign operations in the Xixia, and also spread to the Central Plains, which had a wide and far-reaching impact on the Central Plains Dynasty. A brilliant page has been written in the history of Chinese weapons. At the same time, as a result of the mutual use and exchange of weapons from various countries, the economic and cultural exchanges between the Western Xia Dynasty and the Central Plains Dynasty were also strengthened, and the exchange and integration of the various nationalities at that time were promoted. It has made certain contributions to promote the development of the northwest region of the motherland. Therefore, the author draws the conclusion that the characteristic weapon of Xixia has made great development, especially the development of long-range fire weapon such as crossbow and cannon. Not only have many improvements been made on the basis of the past, but many powerful new weapons have been invented. As a whole, the Xixia characteristic weapon compares Song Dynasty, Liao Dynasty, Jin martial arts weapon is advanced.
【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K875.8
本文编号：2451036
[Abstract]:In this paper, based on the Xixia and Chinese literature, combined with the archaeological cultural relics and the current research situation, this paper intends to make as comprehensive analysis and discussion as possible on the types, materials, specifications, methods and calibration of the weapons of the Xixia, as well as other issues, such as the types, materials, specifications, methods and calibration of the weapons, etc. In order to have a more accurate understanding of the Xixia weapons. Through the analysis of this paper, we can understand the following points: first, the weapon of Xixia is mainly cold weapon, the firearm is still rarely used, but the contemporary Song Dynasty began to use firearms more commonly. Some weapons such as fire bristles, Xixia is from the Song Dynasty and developed. Some weapons, such as Xia Guojian, are made by the Xixia Party and are full of national characteristics. Compared with the concurrent regime of the same era, Xixia special weapons such as Divine arm bow, Xia Ren sword, Tornado, warts, etc., were in the leading position at that time. Xia people made the divine arm bow passed on the Song Dynasty, and the Yuan Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty, widely used in the battlefield, in the history of Chinese weapons wrote a brilliant page. Second, the Xixia weapons production by the iron works college, wood works and other government departments, all kinds of weapons are specialized craftsmen responsible for the manufacture. At the same time, the phenomenon of private manufacture and trade in weapons exists in Xixia, which is recognized by the state, but the private weapons are closely monitored. The equipping of military weapons is of a very obvious rank. Thirdly, the development of special weapon in Xixia martial arts is not an accidental phenomenon, but is closely related to its social environment. Under the comprehensive influence of many social factors, the brilliance of the Xixia weapon came into being. Among the many influencing factors, the human geography factor is a basic condition. The development of commercial trade in this period has become the biggest driving force of the development of Xixia weapons. It was because of this social impetus that the unique weapons of the Western Xia region flourished. Fourth, the development of Xixia characteristic weapons experienced a process from nothing to existence and refined by Jane, and finally left a brilliant page in the history of Chinese weapons. The Xixia characteristic weapon improved the combat effectiveness of the Xixia army, played a huge role in the foreign operations in the Xixia, and also spread to the Central Plains, which had a wide and far-reaching impact on the Central Plains Dynasty. A brilliant page has been written in the history of Chinese weapons. At the same time, as a result of the mutual use and exchange of weapons from various countries, the economic and cultural exchanges between the Western Xia Dynasty and the Central Plains Dynasty were also strengthened, and the exchange and integration of the various nationalities at that time were promoted. It has made certain contributions to promote the development of the northwest region of the motherland. Therefore, the author draws the conclusion that the characteristic weapon of Xixia has made great development, especially the development of long-range fire weapon such as crossbow and cannon. Not only have many improvements been made on the basis of the past, but many powerful new weapons have been invented. As a whole, the Xixia characteristic weapon compares Song Dynasty, Liao Dynasty, Jin martial arts weapon is advanced.
【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K875.8
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