乌鲁木齐萨恩萨依墓地出土人骨研究
发布时间：2019-06-09 20:39
【摘要】：本文首先对萨恩萨依墓地的年代和墓葬形制进行了介绍,重点分析出土人骨标本最多的第二期墓葬的墓葬形制和随葬器物,反映出公元前七世纪左右乌鲁木齐南山一带居民的生产生活属于游牧经济形态。 在这一大的经济环境背景下,文章开始鉴定采集有人骨标本的27个墓葬墓主的性别和死亡年龄。在鉴定之前对鉴定应用的中外方法进行了列举。在鉴定过程中注重中外鉴定方法之间在准确性、适用性和灵活性以及鉴定结论之间进行等多方面的比较,探讨适用于萨恩萨依墓地的性别、年龄鉴定方法,得出在目前条件下比较合理的性别、年龄结论。 在采集的27个个体的骨骼材料中,牙齿材料比较丰富并独具研究价值。文章通过对牙齿的磨损程度进行观测并对照附近地区的相关数据,分析公元前七世纪左右乌鲁木齐南山一带居民牙齿磨损方面的特点。然后对牙齿上呈现出的牙垢、龋齿、牙周病、多生牙、牙齿生前脱落、牙釉质发育不良、牙齿竖向裂缝和釉质开裂、下颌骨舌侧外生骨疣等多种病理现象,分别进行了描述和列举,反映出当时当地居民的口腔卫生状况。进而通过对这些口腔卫生状况进行讨论,分析出当时居民的生产生活状况与口腔健康之间的关系。同时对比发掘出土的同时代农业定居社会居民的牙齿卫生状况,得出游牧经济下居民的牙齿卫生状况特点和某些方面存在的健康优势。 27个个体中有3个的骨骼呈现明显的损伤现象,这也能提供一些有趣又很有价值的信息。通过对外部损伤的伤口进行描述和测量,可以看出伤口的一些特点和雷同性。进而分析造成损伤的器物类型及其特点。同时也在某种程度上反映出当时的社会冲突和矛盾。通过对内部损伤进行观察,进而可以发现它们是由一些炎症造成的。 由于新疆特殊的地理位置环境,出土人骨的人种类型总是受到考古学家和人类学家的关注和重视。萨恩萨依墓地的出土人骨研究过程中较多时间都在进行头骨的形态特征观察和测量,通过观察和测量得出的数据,对头骨在人种形态方面的特点进行了分析。进而将数据放入蒙古、欧罗巴和尼格罗三大人种特征值中进行比较。最后得出结论,采集标本中的大部分还是倾向于蒙古人种类型。
[Abstract]:This paper first introduces the age and tomb shape of Saansai Cemetery, and focuses on the analysis of the tomb shape and funeral utensils of the second stage of the graveyard with the largest number of unearthed human bone specimens. It reflects that the production and life of residents in Nanshan area of Urumqi around the seventh century BC belongs to the form of nomadic economy. Under the background of this great economic environment, this paper begins to identify the sex and age of death of 27 tomb owners who collected human bone specimens. Before the identification, the Chinese and foreign methods used in the identification are listed. In the process of identification, we should pay attention to the comparison of accuracy, applicability and flexibility between Chinese and foreign identification methods, as well as the conclusion of identification, and explore the methods of sex and age identification suitable for Saansai Cemetery. It is concluded that under the current conditions, the sex and age are more reasonable. Among the 27 individual bone materials collected, dental materials are rich and have unique research value. Based on the observation of tooth wear degree and the related data of nearby areas, this paper analyzes the characteristics of tooth wear in Nanshan area of Urumqi in the seventh century BC. Then there are many pathological phenomena on the teeth, such as scaling, dental caries, periodontal disease, multiple teeth, tooth shedding before birth, dental amelia dystrophy, vertical cracks and enamel cracking of teeth, exophytic bone warts on the lingual side of the jaw, and so on. The description and listing were carried out respectively, which reflected the oral hygiene status of the local residents at that time. Then, through the discussion of these oral hygiene conditions, the relationship between the production and living conditions and oral health of residents at that time was analyzed. At the same time, the dental hygiene status of residents in the same era of agricultural settlement society unearthed was compared, and the characteristics of dental hygiene status and some existing health advantages in nomadic economy were obtained. Three of the 27 individuals showed obvious bone damage, which also provided some interesting and valuable information. By describing and measuring the wound of external injury, we can see some characteristics and thunder of the wound. Then the types and characteristics of the objects causing damage are analyzed. At the same time, to some extent, it also reflects the social conflicts and contradictions at that time. By observing the internal injuries, it can be found that they are caused by some inflammation. Because of the special geographical environment of Xinjiang, the human species types of unearthed human bones have always been paid attention to and paid attention to by archaeologists and anthropologists. The morphological characteristics of skulls were observed and measured during the research process of unearthed human bones in Saensay Cemetery. The morphological characteristics of skulls were analyzed through the data obtained from observation and measurement. Then the data were compared in the characteristics of Mongolia, Europa and Niglo. Finally, it is concluded that most of the collected specimens are still inclined to Mongolian type.
【学位授予单位】：重庆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K878
本文编号：2495885
[Abstract]:This paper first introduces the age and tomb shape of Saansai Cemetery, and focuses on the analysis of the tomb shape and funeral utensils of the second stage of the graveyard with the largest number of unearthed human bone specimens. It reflects that the production and life of residents in Nanshan area of Urumqi around the seventh century BC belongs to the form of nomadic economy. Under the background of this great economic environment, this paper begins to identify the sex and age of death of 27 tomb owners who collected human bone specimens. Before the identification, the Chinese and foreign methods used in the identification are listed. In the process of identification, we should pay attention to the comparison of accuracy, applicability and flexibility between Chinese and foreign identification methods, as well as the conclusion of identification, and explore the methods of sex and age identification suitable for Saansai Cemetery. It is concluded that under the current conditions, the sex and age are more reasonable. Among the 27 individual bone materials collected, dental materials are rich and have unique research value. Based on the observation of tooth wear degree and the related data of nearby areas, this paper analyzes the characteristics of tooth wear in Nanshan area of Urumqi in the seventh century BC. Then there are many pathological phenomena on the teeth, such as scaling, dental caries, periodontal disease, multiple teeth, tooth shedding before birth, dental amelia dystrophy, vertical cracks and enamel cracking of teeth, exophytic bone warts on the lingual side of the jaw, and so on. The description and listing were carried out respectively, which reflected the oral hygiene status of the local residents at that time. Then, through the discussion of these oral hygiene conditions, the relationship between the production and living conditions and oral health of residents at that time was analyzed. At the same time, the dental hygiene status of residents in the same era of agricultural settlement society unearthed was compared, and the characteristics of dental hygiene status and some existing health advantages in nomadic economy were obtained. Three of the 27 individuals showed obvious bone damage, which also provided some interesting and valuable information. By describing and measuring the wound of external injury, we can see some characteristics and thunder of the wound. Then the types and characteristics of the objects causing damage are analyzed. At the same time, to some extent, it also reflects the social conflicts and contradictions at that time. By observing the internal injuries, it can be found that they are caused by some inflammation. Because of the special geographical environment of Xinjiang, the human species types of unearthed human bones have always been paid attention to and paid attention to by archaeologists and anthropologists. The morphological characteristics of skulls were observed and measured during the research process of unearthed human bones in Saensay Cemetery. The morphological characteristics of skulls were analyzed through the data obtained from observation and measurement. Then the data were compared in the characteristics of Mongolia, Europa and Niglo. Finally, it is concluded that most of the collected specimens are still inclined to Mongolian type.
【学位授予单位】：重庆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K878
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前7条
1 张玉忠;;新疆考古述略[J];考古;2002年06期
2 韩康信;潘其风;;新疆昭苏土墩墓古人类学材料的研究[J];考古学报;1987年04期
3 刘武,张全超,吴秀杰,朱泓;新疆及内蒙古地区青铜—铁器时代居民牙齿磨耗及健康状况的分析[J];人类学学报;2005年01期
4 尉苗;王涛;赵丛苍;陈靓;王昌燧;;甘肃西山遗址早期秦人的饮食与口腔健康[J];人类学学报;2009年01期
5 王博,常喜恩,崔静;天山北路古墓出土人颅的种族研究[J];新疆师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版);2003年01期
6 周金玲;新疆尉犁县营盘古墓群考古述论[J];西域研究;1999年03期
7 刘学堂,李溯源;新疆伊犁河流域考古新发现[J];西域研究;2002年01期
，本文编号：2495885
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/shekelunwen/kgx/2495885.html
