归纳推理中相似性和类别标签的作用

发布时间：2018-04-25 14:05

本文选题：归纳推理 + 类别标签　；参考：《心理科学》2011年05期

【摘要】：该文采用"篇章阅读"实验范式探索了归纳推理中前提类别和结论类别间相似性、结论类别标签属性对归纳推理的作用。90名大学生被试参加了3个实验。实验1结果表明,归纳推理受前提类别和结论类别之间相似性的影响,相似性越高归纳推理力度越强;实验2结果表明,归纳推理还受结论类别上位类别知识的影响,当类别属性和相似性冲突情况下,被试更倾向按照类别属性进行推理;实验3结果表明,归纳推理通达上位类别知识是一个主动建构的过程,即使是在类别标签不确定的情况下,被试仍然依赖类别标签进行推理。并初步提出了"归纳推理力度=两事物相似性×归类概率"模型设想。
[Abstract]:This paper explores the similarity between the presupposition categories and the conclusion categories in inductive reasoning by using the "text reading" paradigm. The effect of label attributes on inductive reasoning. 90 college students participated in three experiments. The results of experiment 1 show that inductive reasoning is influenced by the similarity between the presupposition category and the conclusion category, and the higher the similarity is, the stronger the inductive reasoning is, and the second experiment shows that the inductive reasoning is also influenced by the knowledge of the upper category of the conclusion. When the category attribute and similarity conflict, the subjects tend to infer according to the category attribute. The result of experiment 3 shows that the inductive reasoning to the upper category knowledge is an active construction process. Even when the category label is uncertain, the subjects still rely on the category label for reasoning. And a tentative idea of "inductive reasoning intensity = similarity of two things 脳 probability of classification" is put forward.
【作者单位】：华南师范大学心理应用研究中心;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(30870783) 教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金(08JCXLX004) 全国教育科学十一五规划一般项目(BBA100018) 广东省普通高校人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(09JDXMLX02)的资助
【分类号】：B812

【参考文献】