逻辑推导的符号学思考

发布时间：2018-06-28 13:40

本文选题：逻辑学 + 认知层面　；参考：《浙江大学学报(人文社会科学版)》2008年05期

【摘要】：单从逻辑角度探讨推理,可能只注意到其中涉及的命题之间的思维规律;单从对符号性质的界定来看,似乎这只是简单的现象分类。假如把逻辑和符号放在一起进行互动研究,便可发现逻辑的运行是在不同认知层次上进行的。从符号语义结构的视角来探讨逻辑的运行,又可以发现符号语义结构本身的若干规律,表现出认知层次的差异,比如演绎逻辑是第二认知层次向第一认知层次的思维运行,归纳逻辑是第一认知层次向第二认知层次的运行,等等。这样做可以对古典皮尔斯的符号三分说有更好的认识,在分析上也有了进一步的突破,这是纯逻辑学和纯符号学之间跨学科研究的双赢现象。通过简明扼要地分析传统逻辑最有代表性的特点,并在认知高度对相应的逻辑现象从符号学的角度进行符号语义结构和性质的再定位,审视形式逻辑和自然逻辑推导这种动态符号学观,还有益于我们有的放矢地区分传统逻辑和语用逻辑,以便在原有逻辑学的基础上进一步开展语用推理的细度研究。
[Abstract]:It is possible to only pay attention to the thinking law between the propositions involved in the reasoning from a logical point of view, and from the definition of the symbolic nature, it seems that this is a simple classification of phenomena. If logic and symbol are interactively studied together, it can be found that logic operates at different cognitive levels. From the perspective of symbolic semantic structure, we can find some rules of symbolic semantic structure and show the difference of cognitive level. For example, deductive logic is the thinking movement from the second cognitive level to the first cognitive level. Inductive logic is the operation from the first cognitive level to the second cognitive level, and so on. By doing so, we can have a better understanding of the classical Pierce's theory of the triple division of symbols and further breakthrough in analysis, which is a win-win phenomenon in the interdisciplinary research between pure logic and pure semiotics. Through a brief analysis of the most representative features of traditional logic, and from the perspective of semiotics, the symbolic semantic structure and nature of the corresponding logical phenomena are reoriented from the perspective of cognition. It is also beneficial for us to distinguish traditional logic from pragmatic logic in order to further study the fineness of pragmatic reasoning on the basis of the original logic by examining the dynamic semiotics of formal logic and natural logic deducing this kind of dynamic semiotics.
【作者单位】：复旦大学外文学院;
【基金】：上海市重点学科建设资助项目(B105) 上海市哲学社会科学规划资助项目(2007BYY002)
【分类号】：B812

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