委婉语研究的逻辑视角

发布时间：2023-04-05 01:25

　　作为一种普遍存在的语言现象,委婉语有其独特的价值。如果没有善意的委婉作为包装,直率就如同一个放在桌沿的花瓶,在自己落地易碎的同时还容易弄伤他人。 早期中西方学者们从委婉语的定义、分类及美学效果入手,从各个层面对其进行详尽的描写性或规定性的研究;随着社会语言学和语用学的深入发展,其研究范围也拓展到了委婉语的社会功能及其所遵循的语用原则;当前风靡学界的认知语言学理论,更是被学者们充分利用,对委婉语背后所隐藏的认知理据进行了解释性的探讨,从而踏上了委婉语的解释学转向。我们亦循此道而行,继学者们对其认知理据,即委婉语如何运作作出解释之后,进一步探究其为何可以如此运作,并给出一个学理上的解释。这就是我们的研究内容:委婉语的逻辑基础。 从众多学者从不同角度对委婉语所下的定义中,我们提炼出一个核心词汇——替换。替换是实现间接表达的重要手段,具体到委婉语,就是用委婉表达Y代替禁忌、不雅的表达X,我们把它抽象为“X是Y”。但根据经典逻辑的排中律、同一律和不矛盾律,事物是A就不能同时是非A(-A)。既然如此,委婉语就是不合逻辑的。但事实是,在委婉表达中理性的说话人的确将X表达成Y,并且理性的听话人一般亦能...

【文章页数】：73 页

【学位级别】：硕士

【文章目录】：
Acknowledgements
Abstract
中文摘要
Chapter One Introduction
    1.1 Lead-in Remarks
        1.1.1 Key Research Questions
        1.1.2 Methodology
        1.1.3 Data Collection
    1.2 Euphemisms: Origin and Motivation
    1.3 Organization of the Paper
Chapter Two Literature Review
    2.1 Introduction: Related Studies Home and Abroad
    2.2 Detailed Review on Different Approaches
        2.2.1 Semantic Approach to Euphemisms
        2.2.2 Psychological Approach to Euphemisms
        2.2.3 Socio-functional Approach to Euphemisms
        2.2.4 Fuzzy Linguistic Approach to Euphemisms
        2.2.5 Pragmatic Approach to Euphemisms
        2.2.6 Cognitive Approach to Euphemisms
    2.3 Summary
Chapter Three Theoretical Framework
    3.1 General Remarks
    3.2 Logic of Taxonomy
        3.2.1 Previous Models of Categories
        3.2.2 徐盛桓’s Refined Descriptions of Categories
            3.2.2.1 Mental Models
            3.2.2.2 Type Hierarchy Structure
            3.2.2.3 Inheritance between Connotation(s) and Denotation(s)
    3.3 Possible Worlds Logic
        3.3.1 Previous Studies on Possible Worlds Logic
        3.3.2 Taxonomy as Objects: three possible worlds
    3.4 Summary of the Theories
    3.5 Towards a Unified Framework
Chapter Four Close Observation on the Issue of Euphemism
    4.1 General Remarks
    4.2 Definition of Euphemism
    4.3 Classification of Euphemism
    4.4 Means of Indirect Expression: Substitution
    4.5 Summary
Chapter Five Euphemism: Logical Analysis
    5.1 Theoretical Goals
    5.2 Towards a Logic of Taxonomy Analysis
        5.2.1 Logic of Taxonomy: the Logical Premise of Euphemisms
        5.2.2 On Metonymic Euphemisms
        5.2.3 On Metaphorical Euphemisms
    5.3 Towards a Possible Worlds Logic Analysis
        5.3.1 World of Reality Reviewed
        5.3.2 World of imagination and Euphemisms
        5.3.3 Ad hoc World and Euphemisms
    5.4 Summary
Chapter Six Conclusion
    6.1 Brief Summary of This Study
    6.2 Major Findings
    6.3 Limitations of the Present Study and Suggestions for Further Research
    6.4 Potential Application
Bibliography



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