找回失落了的“共产主义”本质

发布时间：2018-03-31 23:22

本文选题：共产主义　切入点：资本的公共占有　出处：《思想理论教育》2015年04期

【摘要】：常常有人以"财产是个人自由、活力和独立的基础"为借口攻击社会主义和共产主义。马克思、恩格斯早在《共产党宣言》中就反驳了这种论调,指出作为"个人自由、活力和独立"基础的消费品个人占有制和资本的私人占有制是完全不同的两码事。共产主义要消灭的是资本的私人占有制,而不是消费品的个人占有制。相反,马克思指出,共产主义是要重建资本公有制基础上的消费品个人占有制。在这一意义上,共产主义只是人的全面发展和自由发展的基础,而不是未来社会的全部;无论是就自然,还是就人类来说,共产主义都不是"历史的终结",而是一个向在人与自身统一的基础上实现的人与人统一、人与自然统一的状态的过渡。在这一意义上,共产主义并不是一种遥不可及的梦,而是人类最近的将来能够达到的存在状态。
[Abstract]:People often attack socialism and communism under the pretext that property is the basis of individual freedom, vitality and independence. Marx and Engels refuted this argument as early as in the Manifesto of the Communist Party, pointing out that as "individual freedom," The private possession of consumer goods on the basis of vitality and independence is quite different from that of private ownership of capital. What communism wants to eliminate is the private possession of capital, not the personal possession of consumer goods. On the contrary, Marx pointed out, Communism is to rebuild the individual possession of consumer goods on the basis of public ownership of capital. In this sense, communism is only the basis for the all-round and free development of human beings, not the whole of society in the future; whether it is natural, Or, in the case of mankind, communism is not the end of history, but a transition to a state of unity between man and man and between man and nature on the basis of unity between man and himself. In this sense, Communism is not a distant dream, but a state of existence that mankind can achieve in the near future.
【作者单位】：上海财经大学马克思主义理论教学科研部;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金一般项目“需要结构的生产和经济空间的扩张研究”(项目编号:14BZX014)的中期研究成果
【分类号】：A811

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