马克思主义农业合作理论在中国的实践研究

发布时间：2018-05-08 00:33

本文选题：马克思主义 + 农业合作理论　；参考：《中南大学》2013年博士论文

【摘要】：马克思主义农业合作理论是马克思主义理论体系的一个重要组成部分,这一理论由马克思、恩格斯最初创立,经由列宁继承和创造性发展,并在我国得以传播、运用和创新。马克思主义农业合作理论的基本内容包括农业合作的必然性、农业合作的具体形式、农业合作的原则和方法、农业合作的最终目标等。马克思主义农业合作理论作为我国发展农业合作组织的重要理论基础,不仅对我国历史上的农业合作运动产生过深远影响,而且对我国当前及今后发展农民合作组织也具有重要的现实指导意义。本研究在梳理大量史料的基础上,运用文献研究法、规范分析和实证分析相结合的方法、历史与逻辑相统一的方法、整体研究的方法,对中国共产党领导的农业合作运动在不同历史时期的生成动因、政策依据、具体操练、典型特征、基本经验等进行了深入的探讨。再现了中国共产党在马克思主义农业合作理论的指导下,带领和组织中国农民进行农业合作运动的历史进程。在中国共产党成立以前,早期的共产主义信仰者就对马克思主义农业合作进行了宣传与讨论,并进行了有限的实践尝试。中国共产党成立后到1949年的这段时间,分别经历了北伐革命战争,土地革命战争,抗日战争,解放战争,中国共产党组织和领导其控制地区的农民在各战争时期进行了农业生产互助合作运动,极大的提高了农业生产力,为战争的顺利进行提供了物质保障,为新中国的建立做出了巨大贡献。建国后的三年,史称国民经济恢复时期,中国共产党为了迅速恢复国民经济,针对农民出现的新情况、新问题,提出并组织了农民进行农业合作生产运动,为新生政权的巩固创造了物质基础和精神凝聚力。之后到了过渡时期,中国共产党确立了农业社会主义改造的既定方针,在短短数年就于1956年基本实现了中国农业合作化。其后,在1958年的“大跃进”运动中又进一步掀起了以“一大二公”,“政社合一”为特征的人民公社化运动,一直持续到改革开放。到20世纪80年代,我国进行了以家庭承包经营责任制为核心的农村经济体制改革,以农户家庭分散经营为主的农业生产格局极大地解放和发展了农村生产力,为农村经济和社会发展带来了历史性巨变。然而,随着农业市场化程度的进一步提高和农产品供求结构的不断变化,分散的农户越来越难以适应国内外统一大市场的竞争,小农户与大市场的矛盾及农户小规模经营与农业现代化的矛盾日益加剧。基于此,农民联合起来共同进入市场成为了一种客观必然,新型农民合作经济组织应运而生。立足于现代市场经济背景,运用马克思主义农业合作理论,以湘南G市为例,对当前新型农民合作经济组织的路径选择、模式设计、存在不足进行了剖析,最后提出了发展新型农民合作经济组织的政策建议。
[Abstract]:Marxist agricultural cooperation theory is an important part of Marxist theory system. This theory was first founded by Marx and Engels, inherited and creatively developed by Lenin, and spread, applied and innovated in our country. The basic contents of Marxist agricultural cooperation theory include the inevitability of agricultural cooperation, the concrete form of agricultural cooperation, the principles and methods of agricultural cooperation, the ultimate goal of agricultural cooperation, etc. As an important theoretical basis for the development of agricultural cooperation organizations in China, Marxist agricultural cooperation theory not only has a profound impact on the agricultural cooperative movement in the history of our country. Moreover, it has important practical significance for the development of peasant cooperative organization in our country at present and in the future. On the basis of combing a large amount of historical data, this study uses the method of literature research, the method of combining normative analysis with empirical analysis, the method of unifying history and logic, the method of whole research. This paper probes into the reasons, policy basis, concrete practice, typical characteristics and basic experience of the agricultural cooperative movement led by the Communist Party of China in different historical periods. Under the guidance of Marxist agricultural cooperation theory, the Communist Party of China leads and organizes the historical process of Chinese farmers' agricultural cooperative movement. Before the founding of the Communist Party of China, the early communist believers propagated and discussed the agricultural cooperation of Marxism, and made a limited practical attempt. During the period from the founding of the Communist Party of China to 1949, it went through the revolutionary war of the Northern Expedition, the War of Agrarian Revolution, the War of Resistance against Japan and the War of Liberation, respectively. The Communist Party of China organized and led the peasants in the areas under its control to carry out a movement of mutual assistance and cooperation in agricultural production during the war period, which greatly improved agricultural productivity and provided a material guarantee for the smooth conduct of the war. It has made great contribution to the establishment of new China. In the three years since the founding of the people's Republic of China, the Chinese Communist Party, in order to rapidly restore the national economy, put forward and organized a peasant cooperative agricultural production movement in response to the new situation and new problems that have arisen among the peasants. For the consolidation of the new regime to create a material basis and spiritual cohesion. Then, in the transitional period, the Communist Party of China established the established policy of agricultural socialist transformation, and basically realized the agricultural cooperative transformation in 1956 in just a few years. After that, in the Great Leap forward Movement in 1958, the people's commune movement characterized by "the first two public affairs" and "the integration of government and society" continued until the reform and opening up. By the 1980s, China carried out the reform of the rural economic system with the responsibility system of household contract management as the core, and the pattern of agricultural production, which focused on the decentralized management of peasant households, greatly liberated and developed the rural productive forces. For rural economic and social development has brought historical changes. However, with the further improvement of the degree of agricultural marketization and the continuous changes in the structure of supply and demand of agricultural products, it is becoming increasingly difficult for dispersed farmers to adapt to the competition in a unified large market at home and abroad. The contradiction between small farmers and large market and the contradiction between small scale management and agricultural modernization is becoming more and more serious. Therefore, it is an objective necessity for farmers to join forces to enter the market, and new peasant cooperative economic organizations emerge as the times require. Based on the background of modern market economy, using Marxist agricultural cooperation theory and taking G city in southern Hunan as an example, this paper analyzes the current path selection and mode design of the new peasant cooperative economic organization. Finally, it puts forward the policy suggestions for the development of new peasant cooperative economic organizations.
【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：A811;F321.42

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