马克思恩格斯生态思想在当代中国的运用和发展
发布时间：2018-08-30 14:32
【摘要】：在走向生态文明新时代的进程中,如何建设生态文明,树立什么样的生态文明理念,如何建立健全生态文明制度,需要我们追本溯源,去研究社会主义生态文明建设理论的智慧之源—马克思恩格斯生态思想。本文坚持以辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义的思想为指导,坚持以实践的观点和发展的眼界,通过归纳总结、系统分析、学科融合的方式对马克思恩格斯生态思想进行综合研究,梳理其实质、内涵及其在中国特色社会主义现代化建设过程中的运用、丰富和发展。文章共分为四个部分。 第一章主要介绍马克思恩格斯生态思想的主要内容和思想脉络。马克思恩格斯生态思想的逻辑起点是人与自然的辩证关系,人与自然的关系是人与人关系的基础,人与自然的关系表现为持续的、永恒的物质交换；“实践”的观点是贯穿其整个思想体系的理论线索,是理解人与自然关系、人与人关系的基础和关键；对资本的本质、特征的揭示,成为马克思恩格斯生态思想的“探秘钥匙”,资本的逻辑决定了资本主义生产方式对自然环境和人与自然之间合理物质交换的破坏,资本导致的经济危机必然引发生态危机；“人类同自然的和解”、“人类本身的和解”是马克思恩格斯生态思想的价值取向和理论旨归,前者为后者创造物质基础,后者为前者提供社会前提,“两个和解”彼此相依、和谐统一。 第二章主要论述马克思恩格斯生态思想在当代中国得到进一步的充实和发展。方面,马克思恩格斯生态思想给予中国社会主义现代化建设理论指导,另一方面,中国社会主义现代化建设为马克思恩格斯生态思想提供了实践平台和发展空间。循着马克思恩格斯的思想理路,毛泽东、邓小平、江泽民、胡锦涛等几代中国共产党领导人在建设中国特色社会主义的实践过程中,不断丰富和发展着马克思恩格斯生态思想：从协调发展到可持续发展、再到科学发展；从节约资源、改善环境到加强生态环境立法,从保护环境的实质就是保护生产力到建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会；从自由是对必然的认识到人口、资源、环境之间的关系协调再到促进人与自然的和谐；从技术革新到科学技术是第一生产力,从依靠科学解决环境问题到重视科技创新,建设生态文明；等等；这些思想既是对马克思恩格斯生态思想的深化和拓展,也是中国特色社会主义生态文明建设理论的重要组成部分。 第三章主要对当代中国的生态问题进行马克思主义分析。如果说,中国特色社会主义现代化建设是生态文明建设理论的实践源泉,那么,中国当下出现的环境问题和生态危机则倒逼着生态文明成为社会发展和文明进步的至高追求。本文在对中国当代环境问题进行归纳整理的基础上,以马克思主义思想方法进行综合分析,认为传统工业思维的根本缺陷、利润至上的资本运行逻辑、科学技术的负面效应、以经济为中心的片面理解等方面是现行中国当代生态危机的主要原因。 第四章论述社会主义生态文明建设理论的提出及意义。社会主义生态文明建设思想有其形成的时代背景,它既是马克思主义生态思想在中国的继承和发扬,也是顺应世界文明发展潮流的必然选择；既是中国传统生态智慧和发达国家经验教训的总结,也是中国特色社会主义建设的目标选择。从党的十六大到党的十八大的召开,生态文明建设思想的发展经历了一个从准备酝酿、初步形成到科学定位的过程。十八大报告指出：建设生态文明,是关系人民福祉、关乎民族未来的长远大计。面对资源约束趋紧、环境污染严重、生态系统退化的严峻形势,必须树立尊重自然、顺应自然、保护自然的生态文明理念,把生态文明建设放在突出地位,融入经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设各方面和全过程,努力建设美丽中国,实现中华民族永续发展。这就进一步明确了社会主义生态文明建设理论的重要作用、提出背景、思想理念、本质特征和发展目标,具有重大的理论意义。建设社会主义生态文明是社会主义的本质要求,是展示社会主义制度优越性的必要途径,是落实科学发展观的重要内容,是实施社会主义“五位一体”总体布局的物质支撑。建设美丽中国是中国特色社会主义生态文明建设的实践要求,首先,要加强宣传引导,树立生态文明理念,建立符合生态文明建设的评价指标体系；其次,要转变发展方式,着力推进绿色发展、循环发展、低碳发展,促进社会永续发展；再次,要完善法律制度,采取切实可行的制度,构建科学的环境监测预警和严明的执法监督体系；第四,要加强国际合作,营造共同发展环境,为全球生态安全做出贡献。总之,在社会主义生态文明建设的路径过程中,必须将生态建设融入经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设各方面和全过程,才能实现建成美丽中国、促成中华民族永续发展的宏伟目标。
[Abstract]:In the course of the new era of ecological civilization, how to build ecological civilization, what kind of ecological civilization concept to establish, how to establish and improve the ecological civilization system, we need to trace back to the source, to study the source of wisdom of socialist ecological civilization construction theory - Marx and Engels ecological thought. Guided by the thought of historical materialism and insisting on the view of practice and development, this paper makes a comprehensive study of Marx and Engels'ecological thought through induction, summary, system analysis and subject integration, combing its essence, connotation and its application in the process of socialist modernization with Chinese characteristics, enriching and developing. It is divided into four parts.
The logical starting point of Marx and Engels'ecological thought is the dialectical relationship between man and nature, the relationship between man and nature is the basis of the relationship between man and nature, and the relationship between man and nature shows a continuous and eternal material exchange; the viewpoint of "practice" is consistent. Through the theoretical clues of the whole ideological system, it is the basis and key to understand the relationship between man and nature and between man and man; revealing the essence and characteristics of capital becomes the "secret key" of Marx and Engels'ecological thought, and the logic of capital determines the rational material exchange between the natural environment and man and nature in the mode of capitalist production. The economic crisis caused by the destruction of capital will inevitably lead to ecological crisis; the value orientation and theoretical purpose of Marx and Engels'ecological thought are "the reconciliation between mankind and nature" and "the reconciliation of mankind itself". The former creates material basis for the latter, while the latter provides social premise for the former, and "the two reconciliations" are interdependent and harmonious.
The second chapter mainly discusses that Marx and Engels'ecological thoughts have been further enriched and developed in contemporary China. On the one hand, Marx and Engels' ecological thoughts have given theoretical guidance to China's socialist modernization construction; on the other hand, China's socialist modernization construction has provided practical platform and development for Marx and Engels'ecological thoughts. Following Marx and Engels'ideological path, Mao Zedong, Deng Xiaoping, Jiang Zemin, Hu Jintao and other contemporary leaders of the Communist Party of China have constantly enriched and developed Marx and Engels' ecological thoughts in the process of building socialism with Chinese characteristics: from coordinated development to sustainable development, and then to scientific development; from saving resources, From improving the environment to strengthening the legislation of the ecological environment, the essence of protecting the environment is to protect the productive forces to build a resource-conserving and environment-friendly society; from the understanding that freedom is necessary to population, resources, and the coordination of the relationship between the environment to promote the harmony between man and nature; from technological innovation to science and technology is the first productive force, and from compliance Solving environmental problems scientifically, attaching importance to scientific and technological innovation and building ecological civilization, etc. These ideas are not only the deepening and development of Marx and Engels'ecological thought, but also an important part of the theory of building ecological civilization with Chinese characteristics.
The third chapter mainly carries on the Marxist analysis to the contemporary China's ecological problems. If we say that the socialist modernization construction with Chinese characteristics is the practice source of the theory of ecological civilization construction, then the environmental problems and ecological crises that appear in China at present force the ecological civilization to become the supreme pursuit of social development and civilization progress. On the basis of summing up and sorting out the contemporary environmental problems in China, this paper makes a comprehensive analysis with Marxist ideological method, and holds that the fundamental defects of traditional industrial thinking, the logic of capital operation with profit supremacy, the negative effects of science and technology, and the one-sided understanding centered on economy are the main causes of the contemporary ecological crisis in China. Because of.
Chapter Four discusses the proposition and significance of the theory of socialist ecological civilization construction.The thought of socialist ecological civilization construction has its historical background.It is not only the inheritance and development of Marxist ecological thought in China, but also the inevitable choice to conform to the trend of world civilization development.It is both the traditional ecological wisdom of China and the developed countries. From the 16th National Congress of the CPC to the 18th National Congress of the CPC, the development of the idea of ecological civilization has undergone a process from preparation, preliminary formation to scientific positioning. Facing the severe situation of resource constraints, serious environmental pollution and ecosystem degradation, we must set up the concept of ecological civilization of respecting nature, conforming to nature and protecting nature, put ecological civilization construction in a prominent position, integrate into economic construction, political construction, cultural construction, all aspects and the whole process of social construction. To build a beautiful China and realize the sustainable development of the Chinese nation is of great theoretical significance. This further clarifies the important role of the theory of building socialist ecological civilization and puts forward its background, ideological concept, essential characteristics and development goals. Building socialist ecological civilization is the essential requirement of socialism and the demonstration of the superiority of socialist system. To build a beautiful China is the practical requirement of the construction of socialist ecological civilization with Chinese characteristics. First of all, we should strengthen propaganda and guidance, establish the concept of ecological civilization, and establish the evaluation in line with the construction of ecological civilization. Price index system; secondly, we should change the development mode, focus on promoting green development, cyclic development, low-carbon development, and promote sustainable social development; thirdly, we should improve the legal system, adopt practical systems, build a scientific environmental monitoring and early warning and strict law enforcement and supervision system; fourthly, we should strengthen international cooperation and create a common development environment. In short, in the process of socialist ecological civilization construction, ecological construction must be integrated into economic construction, political construction, cultural construction, social construction in all aspects and the whole process, in order to achieve the goal of building a beautiful China and promoting the sustainable development of the Chinese nation.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：A81;D61
本文编号：2213360
[Abstract]:In the course of the new era of ecological civilization, how to build ecological civilization, what kind of ecological civilization concept to establish, how to establish and improve the ecological civilization system, we need to trace back to the source, to study the source of wisdom of socialist ecological civilization construction theory - Marx and Engels ecological thought. Guided by the thought of historical materialism and insisting on the view of practice and development, this paper makes a comprehensive study of Marx and Engels'ecological thought through induction, summary, system analysis and subject integration, combing its essence, connotation and its application in the process of socialist modernization with Chinese characteristics, enriching and developing. It is divided into four parts.
The logical starting point of Marx and Engels'ecological thought is the dialectical relationship between man and nature, the relationship between man and nature is the basis of the relationship between man and nature, and the relationship between man and nature shows a continuous and eternal material exchange; the viewpoint of "practice" is consistent. Through the theoretical clues of the whole ideological system, it is the basis and key to understand the relationship between man and nature and between man and man; revealing the essence and characteristics of capital becomes the "secret key" of Marx and Engels'ecological thought, and the logic of capital determines the rational material exchange between the natural environment and man and nature in the mode of capitalist production. The economic crisis caused by the destruction of capital will inevitably lead to ecological crisis; the value orientation and theoretical purpose of Marx and Engels'ecological thought are "the reconciliation between mankind and nature" and "the reconciliation of mankind itself". The former creates material basis for the latter, while the latter provides social premise for the former, and "the two reconciliations" are interdependent and harmonious.
The second chapter mainly discusses that Marx and Engels'ecological thoughts have been further enriched and developed in contemporary China. On the one hand, Marx and Engels' ecological thoughts have given theoretical guidance to China's socialist modernization construction; on the other hand, China's socialist modernization construction has provided practical platform and development for Marx and Engels'ecological thoughts. Following Marx and Engels'ideological path, Mao Zedong, Deng Xiaoping, Jiang Zemin, Hu Jintao and other contemporary leaders of the Communist Party of China have constantly enriched and developed Marx and Engels' ecological thoughts in the process of building socialism with Chinese characteristics: from coordinated development to sustainable development, and then to scientific development; from saving resources, From improving the environment to strengthening the legislation of the ecological environment, the essence of protecting the environment is to protect the productive forces to build a resource-conserving and environment-friendly society; from the understanding that freedom is necessary to population, resources, and the coordination of the relationship between the environment to promote the harmony between man and nature; from technological innovation to science and technology is the first productive force, and from compliance Solving environmental problems scientifically, attaching importance to scientific and technological innovation and building ecological civilization, etc. These ideas are not only the deepening and development of Marx and Engels'ecological thought, but also an important part of the theory of building ecological civilization with Chinese characteristics.
The third chapter mainly carries on the Marxist analysis to the contemporary China's ecological problems. If we say that the socialist modernization construction with Chinese characteristics is the practice source of the theory of ecological civilization construction, then the environmental problems and ecological crises that appear in China at present force the ecological civilization to become the supreme pursuit of social development and civilization progress. On the basis of summing up and sorting out the contemporary environmental problems in China, this paper makes a comprehensive analysis with Marxist ideological method, and holds that the fundamental defects of traditional industrial thinking, the logic of capital operation with profit supremacy, the negative effects of science and technology, and the one-sided understanding centered on economy are the main causes of the contemporary ecological crisis in China. Because of.
Chapter Four discusses the proposition and significance of the theory of socialist ecological civilization construction.The thought of socialist ecological civilization construction has its historical background.It is not only the inheritance and development of Marxist ecological thought in China, but also the inevitable choice to conform to the trend of world civilization development.It is both the traditional ecological wisdom of China and the developed countries. From the 16th National Congress of the CPC to the 18th National Congress of the CPC, the development of the idea of ecological civilization has undergone a process from preparation, preliminary formation to scientific positioning. Facing the severe situation of resource constraints, serious environmental pollution and ecosystem degradation, we must set up the concept of ecological civilization of respecting nature, conforming to nature and protecting nature, put ecological civilization construction in a prominent position, integrate into economic construction, political construction, cultural construction, all aspects and the whole process of social construction. To build a beautiful China and realize the sustainable development of the Chinese nation is of great theoretical significance. This further clarifies the important role of the theory of building socialist ecological civilization and puts forward its background, ideological concept, essential characteristics and development goals. Building socialist ecological civilization is the essential requirement of socialism and the demonstration of the superiority of socialist system. To build a beautiful China is the practical requirement of the construction of socialist ecological civilization with Chinese characteristics. First of all, we should strengthen propaganda and guidance, establish the concept of ecological civilization, and establish the evaluation in line with the construction of ecological civilization. Price index system; secondly, we should change the development mode, focus on promoting green development, cyclic development, low-carbon development, and promote sustainable social development; thirdly, we should improve the legal system, adopt practical systems, build a scientific environmental monitoring and early warning and strict law enforcement and supervision system; fourthly, we should strengthen international cooperation and create a common development environment. In short, in the process of socialist ecological civilization construction, ecological construction must be integrated into economic construction, political construction, cultural construction, social construction in all aspects and the whole process, in order to achieve the goal of building a beautiful China and promoting the sustainable development of the Chinese nation.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：A81;D61
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 黄方圆;马克思主义生态思想视阈下西安市生态建设探析[D];西北大学;2014年
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