马克思历史唯物主义视野下的自然观
发布时间：2019-05-17 21:12
【摘要】：人与自然的关系问题是人类发展的永恒问题，随着科学的进步，人类本质力量的增强，人与自然的关系也日趋紧张。所以，人们迫切需要一种科学的自然观来指导我们的思想。 马克思站在哲学的高度上，在历史唯物主义的视野下，，对人—自然—社会历史的交互关系作了系统的阐释。具有世界观意义的历史唯物主义不同于自然唯物主义、人本唯物主义的自然观，拒斥了传统自然观的形而上学性。在实践观点的指导下，改变了以往两极对立的思维方式，系统的阐明了人与自然之间的对立统一关系。并且在历史唯物主义的视野下，深刻揭示了自然的社会历史性质，进而提出了人的自然主义与自然的人道主义统一的价值理念，使马克思的自然观具有了独特的理论意义。 历史唯物主义视野下的自然观具有重要的思想启示作用。在理论上，西方马克思主义者受到马克思自然观的影响，尤其在对自然概念的理解以及人化自然的研究方面提出了有价值的思想，进一步丰富了马克思的理论，然而，西方马克思者过分强调自然的社会历史性质，不可避免陷入历史唯心主义，因而具有一定的局限性。马克思历史唯物主义视野下的自然观通过对人与自然和人与人关系的阐释，不仅否定了人类中心主义的观点，而且分析了资本主义社会环境问题的社会原因，为解决严峻的环境问题提供了现实的理论依据。
[Abstract]:The relationship between man and nature is an eternal problem of human development. With the progress of science and the enhancement of human essential power, the relationship between man and nature is becoming more and more tense. Therefore, people urgently need a scientific view of nature to guide our thinking. Marx stood on the height of philosophy and made a systematic explanation of the interactive relationship between man, nature and social history from the perspective of historical materialism. The historical materialism with the significance of the world view is different from the natural materialism. The natural view of human-oriented materialism repels the metaphysical nature of the traditional view of nature. Under the guidance of practical point of view, the previous polar thinking mode has been changed, and the unity of opposites between man and nature has been systematically expounded. And from the perspective of historical materialism, it deeply reveals the social and historical nature of nature, and then puts forward the value concept of the unity of human naturalism and nature humanitarianism, which makes Marx's view of nature have unique theoretical significance. The view of nature from the perspective of historical materialism plays an important role in ideological enlightenment. In theory, the western Marxism is influenced by Marx's view of nature, especially in the understanding of the concept of nature and the study of humanized nature, which further enriches Marx's theory. However, Western Marxism overemphasizes the social and historical nature of nature and inevitably falls into historical idealism, so it has certain limitations. Through the interpretation of the relationship between man and nature and the relationship between man and man, Marx's view of nature from the perspective of historical materialism not only negates the viewpoint of humanitarianism, but also analyzes the social causes of social and environmental problems in capitalist society. It provides a realistic theoretical basis for solving severe environmental problems.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：A811
本文编号：2479411
[Abstract]:The relationship between man and nature is an eternal problem of human development. With the progress of science and the enhancement of human essential power, the relationship between man and nature is becoming more and more tense. Therefore, people urgently need a scientific view of nature to guide our thinking. Marx stood on the height of philosophy and made a systematic explanation of the interactive relationship between man, nature and social history from the perspective of historical materialism. The historical materialism with the significance of the world view is different from the natural materialism. The natural view of human-oriented materialism repels the metaphysical nature of the traditional view of nature. Under the guidance of practical point of view, the previous polar thinking mode has been changed, and the unity of opposites between man and nature has been systematically expounded. And from the perspective of historical materialism, it deeply reveals the social and historical nature of nature, and then puts forward the value concept of the unity of human naturalism and nature humanitarianism, which makes Marx's view of nature have unique theoretical significance. The view of nature from the perspective of historical materialism plays an important role in ideological enlightenment. In theory, the western Marxism is influenced by Marx's view of nature, especially in the understanding of the concept of nature and the study of humanized nature, which further enriches Marx's theory. However, Western Marxism overemphasizes the social and historical nature of nature and inevitably falls into historical idealism, so it has certain limitations. Through the interpretation of the relationship between man and nature and the relationship between man and man, Marx's view of nature from the perspective of historical materialism not only negates the viewpoint of humanitarianism, but also analyzes the social causes of social and environmental problems in capitalist society. It provides a realistic theoretical basis for solving severe environmental problems.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：A811
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本文编号：2479411
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