我国网络公共领域的兴起与公民意识的变迁

  本文关键词：我国网络公共领域的兴起与公民意识的变迁，由笔耕文化传播整理发布。

我国网络公共领域的兴起与公民意识的变迁

我国网络公共领域的兴起与公民意识的变迁

近年来,伴随着一系列重大网络公共事件的出现,我国网络公共领域展现出蓬勃发展的势头,网络公共领域对我国民主法治建设的影响也引起了学者们的普遍关注,本文主要探讨网络公共领域的兴起对作为民主法治之社会心理基础的公民意识所产生的影响。历史证明,技术的发展往往是把双刃剑,依托于互联网技术的网络公共领域对公民意识的影响自然也具有双面效应。据此,本文主要分三大部分对这一不足进行了探讨：第一部分：公民意识与公共领域的基本概念一般认为,国籍、权利和义务构成了公民概念的核心,笔者从公民概念出发来界定公民意识,并将公民意识抽象为自主意识、参与意识和法治意识。西方公共领域理论十分庞杂,笔者主要借用了哈贝马斯的公共领域理论来对网络公共领域作出概念界定,并认为网络公共领域具有开放性、交互性、批判性和公共利益指向性等特点。第二部分：网络公共领域与公民意识的生长为展现网络公共领域对公民自主意识和参与意识的正面影响,笔者把个人自主意识和参与意识在我国的历史发展作为浅析浅析的背景和起点,揭示了网络公共领域在提升公民思想自由,培育公共精神,实现市民性自主意识向公民性自主意识的飞跃所起的作用；以及网络公共领域在提高公民政治效能感,实现公民由抗争意识向协商意识的转型所发挥的积极影响。第三部分：网络公共领域对公民法治观念的冲击当前我国持续拉大的贫富差距以及由权力腐败所导致的社会不公引起了人们对社会的普遍不满,社会出现了断裂倾向,精英阶层和普通民众的对立情绪开始蔓延至网络公共领域,经由网络空间内群体极化机制的放大,这种对立情绪发展成为一种网络民粹主义,其与法学学者、律师和法官等法律职业者的纠缠,严重损害了司法权威,人们对司法公正的判断不再基于法律,而更加看重当事人的“精英”或者“底层”身份,身份替代了法律,公民法治意识遭受毁灭性冲击。结论部分,经由对当前网络公共领域参与者的阶层浅析浅析,笔者认为当前网络参与者主要位于社会中层,这一方面说明了网络公共领域本身的不自足性；另外也说明,社会中层政治态度的复杂性以及当前其政治态度向下层偏向的趋势,使得网络公共领域正面效应的发挥可能并不明显,网络民粹主义及其负面影响可能更加鲜明。但是,网络公共领域毕竟给予普通公民一分推进民主法治进程的力量和理想,这是我们不断前行的动力。

【Abstract】 With the occurrence of several internet public events during recent years, a momentum of vigorous development has emerged in internet public sphere, by which the impact caused on construction of democracy and rule of law has also aroused the academic concern. The focal point of this paper is thus the impact of the growth in internet public sphere upon citizen consciousness. As the history proved, the development of technology is always like a rapier, and hence so is the impact of internet public sphere upon citizen consciousness, which relies on internet technology. Based on this point, this paper is divided into three parts:Part I:Basic concept of citizen consciousness and public sphereIt is generally recognized that nationality, right and duty are the core components of concept of citizen. In this part, the citizen consciousness is defined on the basis of concept of citizen and abstracted as independent consciousness, political participation consciousness and legality consciousness. The internet public sphere, which features openness, interactivity, criticalness, public interest directness, etc, is defined by adopting Jiirgen Habermas’s theory of public sphere in this paper.Part II:Internet public sphere and the growth of citizen consciousnessThis paper analyzes the positive effects of internet public sphere upon citizen independent consciousness and sense of participation against the background and on the basis of their historical variation in China, and illustrates the positive role of internet public sphere in promoting citizen’s freedom of thought, fostering public spirit, accomplishing the transition from private independent consciousness towards public independent consciousness, developing citizen’s sense of political efficacy and accelerating the evolution of resistance consciousness to negotiation consciousness.PartⅢ:Legality Consciousness under attack of internet public sphere There is a widespread resentment against society because of the rising wealth gap and unjustness generated by power corruption, and with a tendency of social cleavage, the antagonism between common people and elite class starts to spread through the internet and is group polarized in this cyber space. When the internet populism is shaped due to the aggravation of antagonism, judicial authority will inextricably be outraged since its entanglement with legal professionals such as scholars, lawyers and judges. Under this circumstance people’s attitude towards judicial justness is no more based on law but the "elite class" or "underclass" status of litigant parties, which apparently gives the legality consciousness a destructive attack.ConclusionThrough the analysis of the social classes of participators in internet public sphere, it can be concluded that middle class are the major internet participators, which indicates the self-insufficiency of internet public sphere on one hand, on the other hand, the complexity of political attitude of middle class and the tendency of its partiality to under class may impair the positive effects of internet public sphere while accentuate the negative effects and internet populism. For average citizens, internet public sphere nevertheless provides the strength and means of carrying forward democracy and rule of law to some extent, which is also the important motivation for our persistent effort.

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  本文关键词：我国网络公共领域的兴起与公民意识的变迁，由笔耕文化传播整理发布。