民主政治视域中的我国公民意识的培育

  本文关键词：民主政治视域中的我国公民意识的培育，由笔耕文化传播整理发布。

民主政治视域中的我国公民意识的培育

民主政治视域中的我国公民意识的培育

公民意识,指在民主政体的国家中,公民以主体身份独立、平等地参与国家公共活动(包括政治活动),并在此活动中形成的公民对自己与他人、国家、社会在国家政治活动中的权利义务关系,以及对自己所处地位的自我认识与现实感受。从民主政治的视角看,国家意识、法治意识、主体意识、权利与责任意识、民主平等自由意识是公民意识的基本构成要素。公民是民主政治的产物,公民意识的培育为我国民主政治建设提供精神动力和思想基础,也是建设社会主义政治文明的思想基础。反过来,中国民主政治的发展也推动着公民意识的成熟和完善。新时期,我国公民意识整体水平不断提高,但受不同地区、个体受教育水平的差异影响,公民意识发展不平衡现象突出。与落后地区相比,经济发达地区的公民意识整体水平较高,受教育水平越高,公民意识也越高。随着信息社会的到来,公民意识内容不断丰富、表现形式复杂多样。然而,由于历史及现实的理由,我国公民意识整体上很缺乏,这种整体上的缺乏表现为公民法治意识淡薄,公共责任意识淡漠,公民主体意识与依附意识并存,公民重公权力与轻私权利意识并存,以及平等意识与等级意识并存。浅析浅析我国公民意识不足产生的理由,笔者认为既有历史的因素,也有现实的影响;既与公民自身缺乏公民知识有关,也关涉公民生活的外部环境。系统浅析浅析,我们会发现传统专制政治和近代中国民主进程的反复影响公民意识的萌芽与发展,传统儒家人伦文化、计划经济时期重集体轻个人的价值取向、当前我国公民社会发展不成熟,以及公民教育的缺失与落后阻碍现代公民意识的发展与成熟。解决公民意识存在的不足,笔者认为公民教育是公民意识培育的主渠道,同时,自下而上的革新,如公民社会的发展壮大也是推动公民意识提高的重要条件和支撑。此外,经济体制革新为公民意识的培育提供坚实的物质基础和保障,信息社会的大众媒体的舆论宣传和引导推动着公民意识的发展。当今中国社会,互联网日益普及,网络民主既是推动现代公民意识成熟的重要力量,也弥补了现实民主制度的某些不足,扩大了公民参与和监督的渠道,推进了中国民主政治持续深入发展。

【Abstract】 Citizen awareness, in the country of democracy politics, refers to citizens are the equal main-body who participate the public activities independently(including in political activities),and citizens in the activities gradually form self-identification and the real feelings on the relationships between oneself and others, especially in the country’s political activities, on the relationships of the rights and obligations between participants and others. In the perspective of democratic political, national consciousness, legal consciousness, subject consciousness, consciousness of rights and obligation, consciousness of democracy and equality and liberty are the essential components of citizen awareness. Citizen is the product of the development of democracy politics, and the cultivation of citizen awareness provides spiritual motivation and psychological foundation for the development of democracy politics. In contrast, the development of Chinese democracy politics promotes citizen awareness maturely and completely.In the new period, the whole level of citizen awareness is increasing, but in light of different regions and the different education levels of individuals, the unbalanced phenomenon of the development of citizen awareness is remarkable. Compared with the backward areas, the overall level of citizen awareness in economically developed areas is higher, the higher the level of education, citizen awareness is also higher. With the advent of the information society, the content of citizen awareness increasingly enriches, and forms are complex and diverse. However, owing to historical and practical reasons, our citizen awareness is in lacking in the whole, which represents the indifference of public accountability consciousness, the coexistence of the citizens’ independent and attachment consciousness, the consciousness of citizens emphasize the power and light private rights. Analyzing the causes of the problems of citizen awareness, I think the reasons include both historical factors and the impact of reality. The reasons not only refer to the lack of citizen knowledge, but also refer to the external environment where the citizens live. On the whole look, we find that the traditional autocratic political and repeated democratic process in modern China affect the emergence and development of citizen awareness, traditional Confucian culture, the orientation of weighting group and looking down on human individual in the planned economy period, the current immaturity of the development of citizen awareness in China, and the lack and backwardness of citizen education hinders the development of the maturity of modern citizen awareness.To solve the problems of citizen awareness, the citizen education is the main channel , and the reform of bottom up,such as the development and swell of civil society organizations are the important condition and prop. In addition, economic reforms provide a solid material foundation for the cultivation of citizen awareness and in the information society, the propaganda and public opinion guidance of media drives the development of citizen awareness. In modern China, the internet network increasingly widespread, network democracy is not only an important force to promote modern citizen awareness maturity, but also make up for the lack of real democracy, expanding citizen participation and the channels of supervision, pushing the development of democratic politics continuously in China in further.

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  本文关键词：民主政治视域中的我国公民意识的培育，由笔耕文化传播整理发布。