中国人口的死亡模式与社会发展

发布时间：2018-05-04 13:31

  本文选题：死亡率 + 死因构成　； 参考：《济南大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：死亡是人类生命历程中的最终归宿,人类自出生到死亡都生活于一定的社会中,与社会发展紧密联系。本文描述了建国前的三十年、建国后的三十年和改革开放三十年死亡模式的变化,通过其与社会发展各项内容的分析研究,寻找影响死亡的非人口因素,得出社会发展在人口死亡中的影响作用,最后得出结论,提出相应建议。中国人口的死亡模式由建国前的三十年的死亡率非常高,高婴幼儿和高老年死亡率的“U”型分布,死因以传染病为主,逐步到建国后的三十年死亡率快速下降,“U”型分布向低婴幼儿高老年死亡率的“J”分布过渡,死因开始由传染病向慢性非传染性疾病转变,最后到改革开放三十年死亡率基本保持在6‰到7‰的低水平范围内,低婴幼儿高老年死亡率的“J”型分布完成,主要死因变为慢性非传染性疾病。通过研究这九十年来人口死亡模式变化与社会发展状况发现,通过实行计划生育制度,提高婴幼儿质量和降低育龄期女性死亡率来影响人口死亡,是重要因素;经济生活水平提高为人们生存生活发展提供更多保障进而影响人口死亡,是物质基础;医疗卫生事业发展更及时有效地治疗疾病和伤痛,挽救生命,保障和提高身体健康水平进而影响人口死亡,是关键;文化教育事业进步传播科学文化,优化人口思想观念、卫生及生活习惯,提高生活质量进而影响人口死亡,是思想基础;交通便捷节约抢救时间提高救治效率进而影响人口死亡,是重要条件;环境质量恶化时刻侵蚀着人类健康,引发疾病,加重加速病情发展进而影响人口死亡,是隐性条件。面对我国社会现状,本文认为应根据人口现状调整人口结构,完善社会保障体系,改变生活观念,提倡健康绿色的生活工作方式。
[Abstract]:Death is the ultimate destination in the course of human life. From birth to death, human beings live in a certain society and are closely related to the development of society. This paper describes the changes of death patterns in the 30 years before the founding of the people's Republic of China, 30 years after the founding of the people's Republic of China, 30 years after the founding of the people's Republic of China and 30 years of reform and opening up. The influence of social development on the death of population is obtained. Finally, the conclusion is drawn and the corresponding suggestions are put forward. The mortality pattern of China's population was very high in the 30 years before the founding of the people's Republic of China. The "U" type distribution of high infant and elderly mortality rates was high. The main causes of death were infectious diseases, and gradually the mortality rate declined rapidly in the 30 years after the founding of the people's Republic of China. The distribution of "U" type was transferred to the "J" distribution of low infant mortality rate and high old age mortality rate. The cause of death began to change from infectious diseases to chronic non-communicable diseases. At last, the mortality rate remained basically in the range of 6 鈥，

本文编号：1843149