非首都功能疏解背景下北京人口调控政策研究

发布时间：2018-05-05 09:05

本文选题：北京 + 人口调控　；参考：《首都经济贸易大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：20世纪以来,我国城市化进程不断推进,全国人口呈现“东高西低、大都市集聚”的特点。北京是我国北方典型的大都市,作为我国政治、经济和文化中心,大规模、高密度的人口现状引发系列城市问题,人口调控已成为城市发展过程中的重点。因此,研究非首都功能疏解背景下北京人口调控政策,对缓解北京市人口压力、推动城市可持续发展具有重要意义。本文在非首都功能疏解背景下,从现状研究和经验研究两个层面,研究城市人口发展政策及其存在的问题,结合全球特大城市人口调控策略,为北京市人口调控提供建议。通过现状研究,发现北京市人口发展现状具有如下特点:(1)北京市人口总量膨胀,密度全国居首;(2)职住分离现象显著,人口向近郊区蔓延。北京市人口规模、分布的不断演变引发人口问题,导致城市问题产生,如城市人口承载过负、区域发展失衡、交通拥堵现象日益严重、土地及住房价格上涨、社会福利面临挑战等。为解决上述由人口发展引发的城市问题,北京实行“以房管人、以证管人、以业控人、城市综合整治”四位一体的人口调控政策,但是政策仍不完善,人口流入的根本吸引力仍保持较高水平,难以达到预期的人口调控效果。结合日本东京、法国巴黎、英国伦敦和美国纽约等国际大都市人口调控经验,在北京市“非首都功能疏解”的战略背景下,提出以下人口调控建议:(1)发挥规划与政策的主导作用,构建层次化人口规划体系,完善流动人口管理制度;(2)产业疏解带动人口疏解,产业链低端产业外迁,高端产业保留,引导劳动力自发转移;(3)建设职住合一的人口空间模式,优化人口空间布局,根据区域功能定位调控人口,同步疏解中心城区人口、城市功能和产业职能,形成“多中心”的城市人口结构,健全京津冀人口协同管理机制,积极推动河北与天津承接北京人口转移。
[Abstract]:Since the 20th century, the urbanization process of our country has been advancing continuously, the national population presents the characteristic of "the east high and the west low, the metropolis gathering". Beijing is a typical metropolis in the north of China. As the political, economic and cultural center of our country, the large-scale and high-density population situation has caused a series of urban problems. Population control has become the focus in the process of urban development. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the population regulation and control policies in Beijing under the background of non-capital function deconstruction to relieve the population pressure and promote the sustainable development of the city. Under the background of non-capital function, this paper studies the policy of urban population development and its existing problems from two aspects of current situation research and empirical study, and provides some suggestions for population control in Beijing with the combination of population control strategy of global megacities. Through the study of the present situation, it is found that the present situation of population development in Beijing has the following characteristics: 1) the total population of Beijing is expanding, the density of the whole country is the highest in China, the separation of occupation and residence is remarkable, and the population is spreading to the suburbs. The continuous evolution of population size and distribution in Beijing leads to population problems, such as the negative bearing capacity of urban population, the imbalance of regional development, the increasingly serious traffic congestion, and the rise of land and housing prices. Social welfare faces challenges and so on. In order to solve the above-mentioned urban problems caused by population development, Beijing has implemented a four-in-one population control policy of "housing management, certification, and urban comprehensive renovation," but the policy is still not perfect. The fundamental attraction of population inflow remains high, and it is difficult to achieve the expected effect of population control. In combination with the experience of population control in international metropolitan areas such as Tokyo, France, Paris, England, London and New York, the United States, and in the context of Beijing's strategy of "unlocking the functions of non-capital cities," Put forward the following suggestions for population control: 1) give play to the leading role of planning and policy, construct a hierarchical population planning system, and improve the floating population management system. To guide the spontaneous transfer of labor force, to build a population spatial model of integration of occupation and residence, to optimize the population spatial distribution, to adjust and control the population according to the regional function, and to synchronously unblock the population, urban functions and industrial functions in central urban areas. To form "multi-center" urban population structure, perfect the coordination management mechanism of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, and actively promote Hebei and Tianjin to undertake the population transfer in Beijing.
【学位授予单位】：首都经济贸易大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：C924.2

【参考文献】