通辽市人口发展功能分区研究

发布时间：2018-05-17 02:19

本文选题：人口发展功能分区 + 分区引导　；参考：《西北大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：人口与经济、社会、资源、环境等要素的不相协调是目前制约我国区域发展的关键问题之一。这些问题在我国山区、贫困区和生态屏障区显得尤为突出。通过综合评价区域人口发展的自然环境基底以及社会经济条件,可以有效调控人口在空间上的合理布局,引导人口在空间上的有序流动与适度集聚,促进人与自然的协调和区域的可持续发展。论文在借鉴国内外已有理论和实证研究的基础上,以通辽市为研究区,以乡镇为研究单元,从人居环境适宜性、资源承载力、经济发展水平3个方面构建了人口发展功能分区指标体系;运用基于熵值法的综合指数法分别计算了各乡镇的人居环境指数、经济发展指数等;结合多因素综合评定法、空间叠置分析、系统聚类分析等方法,划分出了通辽市4类人口发展功能区,并用ArcGIS对分区结果进行了可视化表达;最后,针对各类型区人口发展的特点,结合通辽市生态环境状况,提出了相应的发展对策和建议。论文主要结论如下:(1)应用资源环境承载力理论、可持续发展理论和适度人口理论等,详细阐述了人口发展功能分区的原理与方法,明确了人口发展功能区的基本概念和内涵、总体思路、主要任务和分区方法,解决了人口发展功能分区的理论依据问题。(2)基于通辽市的生态问题以及社会发展问题,有针对性地选取了人口发展功能分区的评价指标体系,并构建了相关分析模型,解决了人口发展功能分区的方法问题;在此基础上,借鉴国内外相关经验,构建了人口发展功能分区的判别方法体系,解决了人口发展功能分区的技术问题。(3)依据通辽市不同乡镇人居环境适宜性、资源承载能力、经济发展水平等指标,采用基于ArcGIS的多因素空间叠置分析和基于SPSS的系统聚类分析方法划分出通辽市4类人口发展功能区,并针对各区域生态环境、人口发展特点,提出了差别化的分区引导策略。(4)通辽市中部平原区的人居环境适宜性最优,西南部低山丘陵区次之,北部高山区最差;通辽市土地资源情况很不容乐观,耕地资源空间分布不均,呈现南北盈余、中部超载的状态;草地资源正处于牲畜数量过多而草场质量不断下降的恶性循环;通辽市水资源以地下水为主,水资源空间分布不均,是制约通辽市社会、经济发展的重要制约因素;从经济发展水平来看,通辽市重点乡镇的经济带动及辐射能力比较薄弱,经济低迷是各乡镇普遍存在的经济现象。(5)通辽市人口发展功能区特点如下:①通辽市人口发展功能区主要由人口疏散区以及人口稳定区构成,其次是人口适度集聚区和人口限制区。②通辽市人口限制区以阿日昆都楞镇、巴雅尔吐胡硕镇等山区乡村为主,自然环境不适宜人类长期居住,未来应积极推进人口退出计划,以保障生态安全。③通辽市人口疏散区以阿古拉镇、扣河子镇等一般性乡镇为主要形态,人口与资源环境相对失衡,未来人口发展应以疏散为主,适度做点状集中。④通辽市人口稳定区以金宝屯镇、保康镇等一般镇和重点镇为主要形态,人口与资源环境相对协调,但发展空间不大,未来人口发展应相对集中,适度接纳转移人口。⑤通辽市人口适度集聚区以辽河镇、大林镇等旗县驻地和重点镇为主要形态,人口与资源环境基本协调,人口具有较大的发展空间和发展潜力,未来应提高人口集聚度,调整产业结构,提高科技含量,实现经济又好又快发展。
[Abstract]:The non coordination of the factors such as population and economy, society, resources and environment is one of the key problems that restrict the regional development in China. These problems are particularly prominent in the mountainous areas, poor areas and ecological barriers in our country. Through the comprehensive evaluation of the natural environment base of the regional population development and the social and economic conditions, the population can be effectively controlled. The rational layout of the space, guiding the orderly flow and the moderate agglomeration of the population in space, promoting the coordination of human and nature and the sustainable development of the region. On the basis of the existing theoretical and empirical research at home and abroad, the paper takes the Tongliao as the research area and the township as a single yuan, from the suitability of human settlements, the carrying capacity of resources, and the economic development. The index system of population development function zoning is constructed in 3 aspects, and the comprehensive index method based on entropy method is used to calculate the living environment index and economic development index of the villages and towns, and the 4 types of population development function zones in Tongliao are divided by the method of multi factor comprehensive evaluation, space superposition analysis and systematic cluster analysis. The results were visualized with ArcGIS. Finally, in view of the characteristics of population development in various types and the ecological environment situation in Tongliao, the corresponding development countermeasures and suggestions were put forward. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the theory of carrying capacity of resources and environment, the theory of sustainable development and the theory of moderate population, and so on, are described in detail. The principle and method of functional zoning for the development of the mouth clearly define the basic concept and connotation of the functional area of population development, the general idea, the main task and the method of zoning, and solve the theoretical basis of the functional zoning of the population development. (2) based on the ecological problems and social development problems in Tongliao, the functional zoning of the population development is selected. The evaluation index system and the relevant analysis model have been constructed to solve the method problem of the functional zoning of population development. On the basis of this, the discriminant method system of the functional zoning of population development is constructed by reference to the relevant experience at home and abroad, and the technical problems of the functional zoning of population development are solved. (3) according to the suitable living environment of different villages and towns in Tongliao Nature, resources carrying capacity, economic development level and other indicators, using ArcGIS based multi factor space superposition analysis and SPSS based system clustering analysis method to divide the 4 types of population development functional areas in Tongliao, and put forward differential zoning guidance strategies for the ecological environment and population development characteristics of each region. (4) the central plain of Tongliao. In the southwest, the low mountain and hilly area and the northern alpine area are the worst. The land resources in Tongliao are not optimistic, the spatial distribution of the cultivated land is uneven, the north and South surplus and the central overloading state; the grassland resources are in the vicious circle of the excessive quantity of livestock and the continuous decline in the quality of the grassland; the water resources in Tongliao city. The source is mainly groundwater and the spatial distribution of water resources is uneven. It is an important restriction factor that restricts the social and economic development of Tongliao city. From the level of economic development, the economic driving and radiation ability of the key towns in Tongliao are relatively weak, and the economic downturn is the economic phenomenon commonly existed in the villages and towns. (5) the characteristics of Tongliao population development function area are as follows: (1) the population development function area of Tongliao is mainly composed of population evacuation zone and population stable area, followed by population moderate agglomeration area and population restricted area. (2) the population restricted area in Tongliao city is mainly in the area of mountainous and mountainous countryside such as the town of ah king, the town of Pui Duhu, and other mountainous villages. The natural environment is not suitable for the long-term living of human beings, and the future should actively promote the withdrawal of the population. In order to protect the ecological security, the main form of Tongliao population evacuation area, such as the town of askah town and the buckle River town, is the main form, the population and the resources and environment are relatively unbalance. The future population development should be mainly evacuate and moderately focus. The main form of Tongliao population stable area is the general town and key town, such as Jin baun town and Baokang town. State, the population and the resource environment are relatively coordinated, but the development space is not large, the future population development should be relatively concentrated, moderate acceptance of the transfer of population. 5. Tongliao city population moderate agglomeration area is the main form of Qi county Garrison and key towns, such as Liaohe Town, Dalin town, and the basic coordination of population and resources and environment, the population has greater development space and potential for development. In the future, we should increase the population concentration, adjust the industrial structure, raise the content of science and technology, and achieve sound and fast economic development.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：C924.2

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