“全面二孩”政策下农村女青年的生育意愿及流动模式——以粤西地区为例

发布时间：2018-06-05 01:56

本文选题：“全面二孩”政策 + 农村女青年　；参考：《青年探索》2016年05期

【摘要】："全面二孩"的重大决策,将对我国未来人口增长速度、劳动力流动和经济发展等产生深远的影响。关于女性流动对生育的影响,学界存在"多生论"和"少生论"两种截然不同的观点,且这两种观点都有实证支持,而近年来的研究表明,"少生论"逐渐成为主流意见。为了验证上述理论,同时为了掌握"全面二孩"政策出台后农村女青年生育意愿的变化及对劳动力流动可能产生的影响,我们对湛江、茂名和阳江等粤西地区的农村女青年进行了问卷调查。调查显示,粤西农村地区生育率常年居高不下,城镇化进程滞后。"全面二孩"政策实施前湛江、茂名的生育率为1.71,该政策的出台将强化当地女青年的二孩生育意愿。生育是影响当地农村女青年是否流动的关键因素,她们大多在婚前外出务工,在生育后回流本地。"全面二孩"政策不会改变她们这种既有的流动模式。因此,人口发展的重点应从计划生育政策转移到教育及社会保障政策的完善上,且要加速城镇化进程,促进年轻的母亲就业,吸引农村女青年在城镇落户。
[Abstract]:The important decision of "all-around two-child" will have a profound influence on the rate of population growth, labor mobility and economic development in the future. As for the influence of female mobility on fertility, there are two different views in academic circles: "the theory of more students" and "the theory of fewer students", both of which are supported by empirical evidence. However, recent studies have shown that the theory of "fewer students" has gradually become the mainstream view. In order to verify the above theory, and to grasp the changes in the fertility willingness of young women in rural areas after the introduction of the "comprehensive two-child" policy and the possible impact on the flow of labour, we have made a study of Zhanjiang. Rural young women in Maoming and Yangjiang were investigated by questionnaire. The survey shows that the fertility rate in rural areas of western Guangdong is persistently high and the process of urbanization lags behind. " The birth rate of 1.71 in Maoming before the implementation of the comprehensive two-child policy in Zhanjiang will strengthen the willingness of local girls to have a second child. "Fertility is a key factor that affects the mobility of young women in rural areas. Most of them go out to work before marriage and return to their homes after giving birth." The overall two-child policy will not change their established pattern of mobility. Therefore, the emphasis of population development should be shifted from the family planning policy to the improvement of education and social security policy, and the process of urbanization should be speeded up, young mothers should be promoted to be employed, and rural young women should be attracted to settle in cities and towns.
【作者单位】：广东金融学院;中国太平洋财产保险公司湛江分公司;
【基金】：广东金融学院2015年度“创新强校工程”教改类项目省级精品资源共享课“劳动经济学”(项目号:0000-E202010013004020) 广东金融学院2016年度“创新强校工程”自主创新能力提升类项目“全面二孩政策背景下女性就业与生育的关系研究”(项目号:0000-E202010013005023)
【分类号】：C924.21

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