龙岩市人口老龄化问题研究

发布时间：2018-07-17 17:08

【摘要】：改革开放以来,随着经济的高速发展,人们的生育观念的不断转变,生育率呈现由高到低的趋势,从而导致少儿人口比例不断降低；同时,随着人们生活水平的不断提高,医疗卫生条件的逐渐改善,死亡率水平也逐渐降低,人们的预期寿命不断延长,使得老年人占总人口中的比重不断攀升,2000年,我国65岁以上人口的比例达到6.92%,2008年我国65岁及以上人口有10956万人,占总人口比重的8.3%,当前,老年人口正以年均4.3%的速度增长,随着我国的人口老龄化程度不断加强,老龄化的影响也开始逐渐显现,主要表现在：社会养老保障制度尚不完善,公益性老龄服务设施、服务网络建设滞后,老龄服务市场发育不全、供给不足,老年社会管理工作相对薄弱,社会参与率低下等.目前,龙岩市人口老龄化问题也比较严重,全市常住人口中,0-14岁的人口为418126人,占16.34%；15-59岁人口为1778646人,占69.49%；60岁及以上人口为362773人,占14.17%,其中65岁及以上人口为260742人,占10.19%,由此可见,老龄化问题也必将成为当前龙岩市亟待解决的问题之一。为此本文通过2010年第六次全国人口普查结果的相关数据,以及问卷调查法、访谈法和对比法,对龙岩市人口年龄结构的动态变化趋势和特点进行归纳,在此基础上分析目前龙岩市人口老龄化所带来的问题,进而提出完善老年社会照顾体系建设,实现老有所养；提升老年社会参与水平,实现老有所为；保障运行资金,整合“为老”教育资源,实现老有所学；建立切实可行的社会保障体系,实现老有所医；丰富老年人的休闲方式,共建充满活力的老年社会文化生活,实现老有所乐等具体措施,为龙岩市合理解决人口老龄化问题提供参考。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, with the rapid development of the economy, people's concept of fertility has been changing, the fertility rate has shown a trend from high to low, thus leading to a continuous decline in the proportion of children; at the same time, with the continuous improvement of people's living standards, With the gradual improvement of medical and health conditions, the level of mortality has gradually decreased, and the life expectancy of people has been increasing, so that the proportion of the elderly in the total population has been rising. The proportion of population over 65 in our country has reached 6.92%. In 2008, there were 109.56 million people aged 65 and over in our country, accounting for 8.3% of the total population. At present, the elderly population is increasing at an average annual rate of 4.3%. The impact of aging is also beginning to appear, mainly in the following aspects: the social old-age security system is not yet perfect, the public welfare service facilities for the elderly, the construction of service networks lag behind, the aging service market is not fully developed, and the supply is insufficient. At present, the aging problem of the population in Longyan City is also quite serious. Of the resident population in the city, 418126 are aged 0-14, 1778646 are aged 15-59, 362773 are aged 69.4960 and above, and 260742 are 65 years old and over, among whom 260742 are aged 65 and above. Accounting for 10.19, it can be seen that the aging problem will become one of the urgent problems in Longyan City. Therefore, through the relevant data of the sixth National population Census in 2010, as well as questionnaire survey, interview and contrast, this paper summarizes the dynamic trend and characteristics of the population age structure in Longyan City. On this basis, this paper analyzes the problems caused by the aging of the population in Longyan City, and then proposes to improve the construction of the social care system for the elderly, to achieve a sense of security for the elderly; to enhance the participation level of the elderly society, to achieve a sense of security for the elderly; to ensure the operation of funds; Integrate the educational resources for the aged, realize the education of the aged, establish a feasible social security system to achieve medical treatment for the elderly, enrich the leisure ways of the elderly, and jointly build up a vibrant social and cultural life for the elderly. The concrete measures, such as realizing the aged and so on, provide a reference for Longyan City to solve the problem of aging population reasonably.
【学位授予单位】：福建农林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：C924.2

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