改革开放以来昆山市人口增长、分布及迁移研究

发布时间：2018-08-16 14:10

【摘要】：改革开放以来,昆山市由落后农业县一跃成为全国百强县之首的现代工商业城市。伴随经济社会的巨大转型,昆山市的人口增长、分布及迁移发生深刻变化；与此同时,人口发展的相应变化也会反作用经济社会的发展。本文旨在通过分析改革开放以来昆山市的人口增长、分布及迁移现象,发现人口发展中存在的一些问题,据此提出人口优化调控的相关建议,以实现经济社会的可持续发展。关于人口增长、分布的研究,本文首先系统梳理了1978-2011年昆山市人口增长过程,得出其历经1978-1989年的缓慢增长期、1990—1999年的较快增长期及2000—2011年的高速增长期三个阶段；其次从区镇差异及空间集聚角度分析了2011年昆山市人口的空间分布格局,得出昆山市的人口数量分布呈现南低北高的态势,人口数的区镇分布呈核心—边缘的模式。人口数量分布具有一定的空间集聚性,但是集聚程度不高；最后就人口增长、人口分布的影响因素进行了分析,得出人口增长、分布与经济因素密切相关。关于人口迁移的研究,本文就昆山市不同人群的人口迁移现象分别进行分析,结果表明：本地人口的城乡迁移进程历经1978-1990年的缓慢人口城镇化、1991-2000年的加速人口城镇化及2001-2011年的稳步人口城镇化三阶段。以乡镇企业为主要标志的初级工业化产生的拉力及户籍制度屏障的阻力共同导致1978-1990年的缓慢人口城镇化；以开发区建设为引领的高级工业化及城市规划、户籍制度松动等行政合力共同推动了人口的加速城镇化；而行政区划调整、集中居住的推行及社会保障体系的一体化建设促使人口城镇化的稳步推进,并向纵深方向发展。外来人口的迁移分为1990-1999年的较快增长期、2000-2005年的高速增长期及2006-2011年的稳步增长期,其主要的迁移机制是昆山经济发展的拉力、户籍制度障碍的减弱及迁出区劳动力剩余及经济的欠发达产生的推力。通过以上关于人口增长、分布及迁移的研究成果,发现昆山人口发展中存在的一些问题,据此提出相关的人口优化调控建议,促进人口的合理发展,从而实现经济社会的可持续发展。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, Kunshan City has become the first modern industrial and commercial city in China from a backward agricultural county. With the great economic and social transformation, the population growth, distribution and migration of Kunshan City have undergone profound changes; at the same time, the corresponding changes in population development will also counteract the economic and social development. The purpose of this paper is to find out some problems existing in population development by analyzing the phenomenon of population growth, distribution and migration in Kunshan City since the reform and opening up, and to put forward some relevant suggestions on population optimization and control in order to realize the sustainable development of economy and society. As for the research of population growth and distribution, this paper firstly systematically combs the population growth process of Kunshan City from 1978 to 2011, and concludes that the slow growth period of 1978-1989 and the faster growth period of 1990-1999 and 2000-2011 are three stages. Secondly, this paper analyzes the spatial distribution pattern of Kunshan population in 2011 from the angle of district and town difference and spatial agglomeration, and concludes that the population distribution of Kunshan city is low in the south and high in the north, and the distribution of the population in the district and town is a core-edge pattern. The distribution of population quantity has some spatial agglomeration, but the degree of agglomeration is not high. Finally, the influence factors of population growth and population distribution are analyzed, and it is concluded that population growth is closely related to economic factors. On the study of population migration, this paper analyzes the phenomenon of population migration among different groups of people in Kunshan City. The results show that the process of urban and rural migration of local population has experienced three stages of slow population urbanization in 1978-1990 and accelerated population urbanization in 1991-2000 and steady population urbanization in 2001-2011. The pull of primary industrialization, marked by township enterprises, and the resistance of household registration system barrier together led to the slow urbanization of population from 1978 to 1990, advanced industrialization and urban planning led by the construction of development zones. The loosening of the household registration system and other administrative forces have jointly promoted the accelerated urbanization of the population, while the adjustment of administrative divisions, the implementation of centralized housing and the integration of the social security system have promoted the steady progress of population urbanization and further development. The migration of foreign population can be divided into two periods: the faster growth period from 1990 to 1999 and the rapid growth period from 2000 to 2005 and the steady growth period from 2006 to 2011. The main migration mechanism is the pulling force of economic development in Kunshan. The weakening of household registration system and the push of labor surplus and underdevelopment of economy. Through the above research results on population growth, distribution and migration, we find some problems existing in the population development of Kunshan. Based on this, we put forward some suggestions on population optimization and control to promote the rational development of the population. In order to achieve sustainable economic and social development.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：C924.2

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