宋元以来太湖东部平原聚落形态的分化及驱动机制

发布时间：2018-01-15 03:20

本文关键词：宋元以来太湖东部平原聚落形态的分化及驱动机制　出处：《中国历史地理论丛》2016年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：本文以宋元以来太湖东部平原的水环境变化为基础,具体分析作为人居生活场所的聚落在形态、分布方面的适应性变化,并揭示其背后的自然与人文驱动力。宋以后江南人口压力的增大和水网泾浜化的发展,促使太湖东部平原聚落的形成模式逐渐归于两种,即低乡与高乡。低乡地表水充沛,聚落营造的原则以开浚河浜、排除积水为先,宅随浜而就,交通以行船为主,因而房屋沿泾浜分布,具有集村产生的条件。高乡地表水量不足,人们开凿河浜的首要目的在于引潮和蓄水,随之形成以屋宅为中心、浜随宅就的聚落格局。由于高乡河道浅窄不利于行船,住宅与河浜呈离散性分布,聚落形态以散村为主。本文研究证明,除社会经济因素的阶段性影响外,地势、河流水性、潮汐等地域性自然要素,对于太湖东部平原聚落形态的塑造具有本底的制约作用。
[Abstract]:Based on the changes of water environment in the eastern plain of Taihu Lake since the Song and Yuan dynasties, this paper specifically analyzes the adaptive changes in the form and distribution of settlements as a living place for human settlements. The increase of population pressure in the south of the Yangtze River after the Song Dynasty and the development of Shuinetjing and Hamamuanization promote the formation of the settlement in the eastern plain of Taihu Lake and gradually fall into two kinds. That is, the low township and the high township. The low township surface water abundant, settlement construction principle is to open river creek, remove the water for the first, house with the creek, the traffic is mainly by boat, so the house along the Jingjing distribution. With the condition of gathering village, the surface water of Gao Xiang is insufficient, the primary purpose of people digging river creek is to draw tide and impound water, and then form the house as the center. Because the shallow narrow river channel of Gao Xiang is not conducive to sailing, the residential and creek are discrete distribution, and the settlement form is mainly scattered village. This study proves that, except for the stage influence of social and economic factors. Topography, river water, tide and other regional natural elements have a background restriction on the formation of settlement in the eastern plain of Taihu Lake.
【作者单位】：上海师范大学历史系;
【基金】：上海市哲学社会科学规划项目(2011BLS005) “上海市浦江人才计划”项目(14PJC085)
【分类号】：K928.6
【正文快照】： 太湖平原传统聚落的形成过程与人地关系机制是历史地理学者较少涉足的领域,有关聚落环境的研究成果与水环境相比,实属寥寥(1)。但在太湖平原这样的三角洲水网地貌区,水环境可谓影响聚落的形态与分布的最直接因素,因此聚落对水文变化的适应过程,应当是该区聚落地理研究的合理切

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