论淮河流域水生态环境的历史变迁

发布时间：2018-08-02 07:46

【摘要】：淮河流域水生态环境因黄河夺淮等自然因素以及农业垦殖、战争、政府治黄淮运政策、以工业化为核心的现代化等社会因素共同作用而出现多次重大变迁。南宋以前,淮河独流入海,人类活动与水生态环境处于相对协调时期。南宋以后,黄河全面夺淮,淮域水生态环境开始紊乱性变迁,河道、湖泊淤塞,河口东迁,洪泽湖区扩大,淮河受迫南注长江,中游两岸则形成了"河成湖泊群",流域洪涝灾害加剧。1855年黄河北徙,黄河虽不复故道但还不时决口南泛入淮,而黄河故道则阻断了淮河与沂、沭、泗水系的联系,沂、沭、泗不能入淮,乃各自入海。新中国成立后尤其是改革开放以来,淮河得到全面综合治理,但随农业现代化、工业化、城镇化而来的人水争地、水土流失、水体污染问题越发突出,水生态环境日趋恶化。洪涝频发,旱魃肆虐,污水困扰,构成了淮域经济社会发展难以破解的难题。
[Abstract]:The water ecological environment of the Huaihe River basin has undergone many major changes due to the natural factors such as the Huanghe River and Huaihe River, agricultural reclamation, war, the government's policy of administering Huanghuai transportation, and the modernization of the Huanghuai River as the core of industrialization. Before the Southern Song Dynasty, the Huaihe River flowed into the sea. After the Southern Song Dynasty, the Yellow River took over the Huai River in an all-round way, and the water ecological environment in the Huaihe River region began to change in disorder. The rivers and lakes were silted up, the estuaries moved eastward, the Hongze Lake area expanded, and the Huaihe River was forced to pour the Yangtze River to the south. In 1855, the Yellow River moved northward, but from time to time the Yellow River broke southward into the Huaihe River, and the Yellow River Road blocked the connection between the Huaihe River and the Yi-Shu, Surabaya system, Yi, and Shu. Si can not enter the Huaihe River, but into the sea. After the founding of New China, especially since the reform and opening up, the Huaihe River has been comprehensively managed, but with the agricultural modernization, industrialization and urbanization, people compete for land, soil and water loss, water pollution more and more prominent, water ecological environment worsening day by day. Frequent floods, raging drought and polluted water are a difficult problem for the economic and social development of Huaihe River.
【作者单位】：安徽大学马克思主义研究院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目(07BZS036) 安徽省第四批“115”产业创新团队项目
【分类号】：K928.6

【参考文献】