解读利玛窦“由僧到儒”的身份转换

发布时间：2019-01-17 08:12

【摘要】：在中国近30年时间里,作为传教士的利玛窦,为了掩盖传教之目的,竟然一直不敢以"神父"身份自称,而是前十几年以"僧人"自称,后十几年以"儒者"自居。无疑,对于一个公众人物而言,这种身份上的转换不仅需要一种巨大的勇气与魄力,而且还存在稍有不慎就会使自己陷入更为难堪的风险境地。然利玛窦为何在异地竟敢"由僧到儒"进行身份上的转换?其实,对于此举,不仅利玛窦,乃至整个东方耶稣会都是经过缜密思考与反复衡量才决定的。因为,对利玛窦而言,无论是"僧人",还是"儒者",都不过是他掩盖自身真实身份的权设而已,并无特大之差别。但两者相较而言,僧人身份不仅没能促进传教事业的发展,反而带来重重困难与障碍,而儒者身份则既可弥补僧者身份上所导致的一些缺陷,而且还可推动上层传教路线的实施,以及化解传教过程中所遇到的一些困难与挫折。
[Abstract]:For nearly 30 years in China, Matteo Ricci, as a missionary, dared not claim to be a "priest" in order to cover up his missionary purpose, but called himself a "monk" in the previous decade and a "Confucian" in the following ten years. There is no doubt that for a public figure, this transformation of identity requires not only a great deal of courage and courage, but also the risk that a slight carelessness will lead to an even more embarrassing situation. Why did Matteo Ricci dare to change his identity from monk to Confucian in a different place? In fact, not only Matteo Ricci, but also the whole oriental Jesuits were determined by careful thinking and repeated measurement. For Matteo Ricci, neither the monk nor the Confucianist is but his authority to conceal his true identity, and there is no great difference. But in contrast, the status of monk not only failed to promote the development of missionary cause, but also brought many difficulties and obstacles, while the status of Confucianism can make up for some defects caused by the identity of monk. It can also promote the implementation of the upper-level missionary route and resolve some difficulties and setbacks encountered in the missionary process.
【作者单位】：肇庆学院政法学院;
【基金】：肇庆学院2015年西江历史文化研究院开放性课题
【分类号】：K835.46;K248

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