社区工作本土化探析

发布时间：2018-02-12 02:49

本文关键词： 西方社区工作本土社区工作社区工作本土化　出处：《山东理工大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：专业社区工作是社区工作者在一定价值观指导下,依据一定的方法、理论,按照一定的模式,有效地解决社区问题、维护社会秩序的助人方法,是社会工作的重要分支。它源自德国汉堡制和爱尔伯福制、英美的慈善组织会社和社区睦邻运动,成熟于20世纪的欧美。当前中国社会变迁加剧,社区问题日益增多,传统的行政性、半专业化的社区工作已经不能有效地解决许多现实困境,把西方专业的、系统的社区工作引入中国便具有迫切性。由于中西方社区工作依存的社会结构、经济发展水平、传统文化等不同,西方社区工作在中国立足、生存和发展便成了一个亟待解决的问题,笔者认为“本土化”是其必然选择。社区工作本土化必须立足于我国独特的社会体制和文化环境基础之上。社区工作本土化实质上是选择、接纳、融合西方社区工作价值观、工作模式,创新本土社区工作价值观、工作模式的过程。笔者认为社区工作本土化具有阶段性：前期以引进西方社区工作理论和模式为主,后期以构建中国社区工作专业价值观、探索适合中国国情的社区工作模式为主。现阶段,社区工作本土化的前期阶段已基本完成。当前中国社区工作本土化主要包括价值观、模式和实践本土化,其中价值观和模式本土化是核心,实践本土化是保障。本文采用文献研究、对比研究的方法,横向分析了中西社区工作本土化的研究背景、现状和意义,中西社区工作的含义,社区工作本土化的含义、内容和特点。纵向分析了中西方社区工作各自发展历程,国内外社区工作本土化的发展过程。指出当前中国社区工作本土化的必要性与可能性。本文分析了当前社区工作本土化的困境,总结了产生困境的原因：一是中西社区工作价值观依存的文化基础、内涵具有差异性,西方社区工作价值观在中国具有非适应性,中国社区工作价值观缺乏专业性。二是中西社区工作模式依存的理论基础、内涵、特征、发展历程各不相同。三是在具体实践中,中西社区工作依存的制度、对社区的界定、对社区工作者与社区工作组织的定位、助人方法存有差异性。通过分析,本文提出了实现社区工作本土化的途径：是立足于传统文化,借鉴西方社区工作价值观,构建本土社区工作价值观体系,并通过构建社区工作伦理守则保障价值观应用于实践。二是立足于中国现状,借鉴西方社区工作模式,构建本土社区工作模式。三是通过构建社区工作制度、加强社区工作专业化建设来保障社区工作价值观、模式本土化的顺利推进。
[Abstract]:Professional community work is a helpful method for community workers to effectively solve community problems and maintain social order under the guidance of certain values, according to certain methods, theories and models. It is an important branch of social work. It originates from the German Hamburg system and the Albuquerque system, the charity club and the community good-neighborly movement in the United States and the United States, which matured in Europe and the United States in 20th century. At present, the social changes in China are intensifying, and the community problems are increasing day by day. Traditional administrative and semi-specialized community work has not been able to solve many practical difficulties effectively. It is urgent to introduce western professional and systematic community work into China. The level of economic development, traditional culture and other differences, Western community work in China, survival and development has become a problem to be solved, the author believes that "localization" is its inevitable choice. The localization of community work must be based on our country's unique social system and cultural environment. The author believes that the localization of community work has stages: the introduction of western community work theory and model, and the later construction of professional values of community work in China. At present, the early stage of community work localization has been basically completed. At present, the localization of community work in China mainly includes values, models and practice localization. The localization of values and models is the core, and the localization of practice is the guarantee. This article uses the literature research, the contrast research method, has analyzed the Chinese and Western community work localization research background, the present situation and the significance, the Chinese and Western community work significance, the community work localization meaning, The contents and characteristics of community work in China and the west are analyzed, and the development process of localization of community work at home and abroad is analyzed. The necessity and possibility of localization of community work in China are pointed out. This paper analyzes the predicament of the localization of community work at present, and summarizes the causes of the dilemma: first, the cultural basis of the interdependence of the values of community work between China and the West, the difference in connotation, and the non-adaptability of the values of community work in the West in China. The values of community work in China are lack of professionalism. Second, the theoretical basis, connotation, characteristics and development process of the interdependence of Chinese and Western community work modes are different. Third, in the concrete practice, the system of community work dependency between China and the West defines the community. There are differences in the orientation of community workers and community work organizations and the ways to help others. Through analysis, this paper puts forward a way to realize the localization of community work: based on the traditional culture and drawing lessons from the values of community work in the West. Construct the local community work value system, and through the construction of the community work ethics code to ensure the application of values in practice. Second, based on the status quo in China, learn from the Western community work model, The third is to guarantee the values of community work by constructing the system of community work and strengthening the construction of specialization of community work.
【学位授予单位】：山东理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：C916

【引证文献】