中国农村多维贫困测度研究

发布时间：2018-02-25 02:00

本文关键词： 能力贫困多维贫困指标体系 AF理论　出处：《东北财经大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：贫困是世界各国都必须面对的社会历史问题,中国作为一个世界人口大国,农村人口占有很大的比重,这也使得中国农村的贫困问题备受关注,成为学者们研究的焦点。随着经济的发展,中国农村贫困呈现了新的特征：其一,中国农村的绝对贫困状况有了很大的缓解,但中国农村的返贫率不断上升；其二,贫困不仅仅是基于收入与消费维度的货币贫困,农村的受教育状况、医疗保障、卫生状况以及信息流通等因素都会对农村贫困产生重要影响。在新的时代背景下,重新地识别与测度中国农村贫困状况,将中国农村贫困问题由单维角度向多维角度转变,对于增强扶贫效率以及改善中国农村贫困状况有重要的意义。本文首先对国内外贫困理论的发展过程进行梳理,得出影响贫困状况的不同维度。然后对不同的贫困测度方法进行比较分析,寻找适合本文的测度方法。最后运用中国健康与营养调查(CHNS)的数据,探讨不同的维度因素对中国农村多维贫困的影响。全文分为5章：第一章是引言。主要包括研究背景、研究目的与结构以及文章的创新点与不足。第二章通过对国内外贫困理论的发展进程进行梳理,分角度地阐述影响贫困状况的因素,指出本文的研究方向-—多维贫困。第三章通过对不同的贫困测度方法进行分析,提出本文的测度方法——Alkire与Foster的多维贫困测度方法(AF方法)。第四章通过对中国农村多维贫困发生率进行分解分析,测度不同维度与不同省份对中国农村多维贫困的影响。第五章是结论与政策建议。总结第四章的统计分析结论,有针对性的提出政策建议。从影响中国农村多维贫困发生率的维度分解中可以发现,收入维度已不再是影响多维贫困的主要因素,教育、医疗保障与卫生水平等维度对多维贫困发生率的贡献比较大。从影响中国农村贫困发生率的省份分解可以发现,经济发展改善了农村的贫困状况,但是不同地区的贫困发展状况不均衡,与东部地区相比,中西部地区贫困状况相对较差,其中,河南省对多维贫困发生率的贡献最大。因此,我们应根据贫困测度的结果,加强对教育、医疗保障以及卫生水平等维度的扶助,实行区域差异化战略,减少贫困的发生。本文的创新之处在于,国内对多维贫困的研究主要集中于可行能力、脆弱性或社会排斥等某个方面,不能全面地反映出中国农村多维贫困发生率。本文通过对贫困文献进行梳理,形成测度中国农村多维贫困的指标体系,能够比较全面地反映贫困的发展状况。本文的不足之处在于,由于数据的可获得性与可行性的原因,使得部分维度指标选取的不精确。例如脆弱性维度可能包括家庭受到的自然灾害的威胁、经济收入的威胁以及社会关系等方面造成的威胁,但是由于数据的不可获得性,使得测度脆弱性的指标只能用是否有正式的工作的单一指标进行测度,从而造成测度偏差,进而影响识别效果。
[Abstract]:Poverty is a social and historical problem that all countries in the world must face . As a big country in the world , China has a large share of the rural population . As the economy develops , China ' s rural poverty presents a new feature : Firstly , the rural poverty rate of China is rising ; secondly , poverty is not only the monetary poverty based on income and consumption dimensions , but also the education status , medical security , health status and information flow in rural areas have an important impact on rural poverty . In this paper , the development process of poverty theory at home and abroad is analyzed and the influence of different dimension factors on the multi - dimensional poverty in China ' s rural areas is discussed . The paper is divided into five chapters : The first chapter is introduction . It mainly includes the research background , the research aim and structure , and the innovation point and deficiency of the article . In the second chapter , through the analysis of the development process of poverty theory at home and abroad , the author points out the factors which affect the poverty situation , points out the research direction of this paper , namely , multi - dimensional poverty . In chapter 3 , by analyzing different methods of poverty measurement , this paper puts forward the measure method _ Alkire and Foster ' s multidimensional poverty measure method ( AF method ) . Chapter four analyzes the incidence of multi - dimensional poverty in rural China , and measures the influence of different dimensions and different provinces on the multi - dimensional poverty in China ' s rural areas . The fifth chapter is the conclusion and policy suggestion , summarizes the statistical analysis conclusion of chapter 4 , and puts forward the policy suggestion . From the dimension decomposition of the incidence of multi - dimensional poverty in China , it can be found that the income dimension is no longer the main factor affecting the multidimensional poverty . The innovation of this paper is that the study of multidimensional poverty in China is mainly focused on some aspects such as feasible ability , vulnerability or social exclusion , which can not reflect the incidence of multi - dimensional poverty in China .

【学位授予单位】：东北财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：C829.2

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