江村调查:文化自觉与社会科学的中国化

发布时间：2018-02-27 12:44

本文关键词： 费孝通江村调查文化自觉社区研究社会科学中国化　出处：《社会学研究》2017年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：1936年费孝通在吴江开弦弓村进行的江村调查及在此基础上写成的《江村经济》一书,不仅实现了现代人类学对"文野之别"的历史跨越,也切实推进了社会学、人类学及整个社会科学的中国化进程。事实上,无论是对"文野之别"的跨越,还是对社会科学中国化的推动,都与费孝通晚年倡导但青年时代即逐渐养成的"文化自觉"意识休戚相关:就前者而言,成功地实现对自己生存其间的文明社会的洞悉,既有赖于对与汉民族相对应的其他弱小民族的实地考察,更有赖于对来自西方的现代社会科学理论的把握,这两者使得研究者能够相对抽身于自己生存其间的文化,将自己熟悉的场景置于客体的位置;而就后者而言,正是因为研究者对自已的文化有自知之明,他才能够自觉地站在主位立场,借用源自西方但研究者又深知其局限的理论,恰如其分地解释自己的社会。换言之,文化自觉保证了研究者从事研究时"进得来"和"出得去",也赋予了他们在不同文化场景中相互切换,以"他山之石"雕琢中国之"玉"的学术潜能。
[Abstract]:In 1936, Fei Xiaotong carried out a survey of Jiangcun and his book "Jiangcun economy" written on the basis of the survey of Jiangcun, which was carried out by Fei Xiaotong in the village of Kaixuangong in Wu Jiang. It not only realized the historical leapfrogging of modern anthropology to "the difference of literature and field", but also promoted sociology. The process of Sinicization of Anthropology and the whole Social Science. In fact, whether it is the leapfrogging of "cultural differences" or the promotion of the Sinicization of social sciences, They are closely related to the consciousness of "cultural consciousness" initiated by Fei Xiaotong in his later years, but gradually cultivated in his youth. In the former case, he successfully realized the insight into the civilized society in which he lived. It depends not only on the field investigation of other weak and weak ethnic groups corresponding to the Han nationality, but also on the grasp of the modern social science theory from the West, which enables the researchers to draw relatively away from the culture in which they exist. Put the familiar scene in the position of the object; in the latter case, it is precisely because the researcher has self-knowledge of his own culture that he is able to consciously stand in the thematic position, borrowing from the western theory, which the researcher is well aware of its limitations. In other words, cultural awareness ensures that researchers can "come in" and "get out" when they do research, and that they are given the ability to switch between different cultural settings. The academic potential of "jade" in China is carved with "stone of other mountains".
【作者单位】：南京大学社会学院;
【分类号】：C912.82

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