重庆市殡葬制度改革的社会学研究

发布时间：2018-03-01 00:18

本文关键词： 殡葬制度改革社会学　出处：《重庆工商大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：丧葬问题,由于涉及到社会构成的每一个基本单元“人”的最基本问题,属于基本民生问题,是社会学研究中一个重要的领域,如果缺少或者不对其及时予以关注,就有可能引起社会矛盾,出现较大的社会问题。本文研究殡葬制度改革问题,对社会“人”的“生、老、病、死、残”等系列社会问题中——“死”的问题进行社会学观察与思考,通过亲身参加社会调查,采取必要的问卷、访谈等手段,近距离观察殡葬制度以及殡葬事业,透过对现有殡葬制度以及殡葬事业的观察,发现和探究现行制度运行存在的弊端和引起社会问题的深层原因,借以得出有益的结论,力图在殡葬社会学理论、社会保障理论与实践方面能取得一些理性经验收获,以丰富殡葬社会学理论研究。本文以重庆市殡葬制度为研究对象,遵循从宏观——中观——微观的层级社会学观察理念,沿着理念——制度——政策思维逻辑,分别从殡葬法律、制度设计、政策措施、基础设施和文化文明层面分析殡葬制度改革现状问题,现实观察所存在的主要问题表现为:一是制度设计定位不当,殡葬法律法规体系不健全,管理体制不完善;二是政策措施不完善,中介问题严重;三是基础服务设施不健全,基本公共服务能力不足;四是文明进程推进缓慢,群众生态观念落后。基于对这些主要问题的观察,本文展开了深入调研,结合福利社会学等基础理论,对表现的问题进行了成因分析。主要运用两种社会研究方法:一是问卷调查法。根据在十家殡葬服务单位抽取的500位调查对象,对其进行殡葬改革与服务的问卷调查。将搜集到的资料整理编码并运用SPSS19.0进行分析,主要采取频数分析,分析重庆市殡葬服务单位的服务质量和群众殡葬生态观念,服务质量满意度调查主要包括火化、治丧和安葬三大内容。二是访谈法。访谈对象分为三类,包括殡葬管理机构从事具体业务工作人员、一线员工和家属,分别从不同的角度了解他们对重庆市殡葬制度改革问题的看法与应对策略。从制度设计理念的偏差导致殡葬制度设计缺陷、政府和职能部门角色失调、公平性缺失引起服务导向不均等和殡葬传统守旧文化依旧浓厚等方面,有针对性地阐述问题产生的根源,并在理论分析的基础上,借鉴国内外先进经验,结合重庆实际情况,提出针对性建议:即,在公共服务均等化这一大的方向下,将丧葬改革视为一个系统进行整体改革,具体路径为在尊重本地文化的基础上,以提升服务能力、实现城乡统筹一体化为具体目标,将殡葬人才队伍建设、法律法规完善与发展社会组织结合起来,由此提高民众的满意度,推动殡葬传统的变革。
[Abstract]:The question of funeral, because it involves the most basic problem of "human" in every basic unit of society, belongs to the basic people's livelihood problem, and is an important field in sociology research. If it lacks or does not pay attention to it in time, This paper studies the reform of funeral and burial system, and makes sociological observation and reflection on the series of social problems of "life, old age, disease, death, disability" and so on. By taking part in social surveys in person, taking necessary measures such as questionnaires and interviews, and so on, to observe the funeral system and funeral undertakings from a close distance, and through the observation of the existing funeral system and funeral undertakings. To discover and explore the drawbacks of the current system and the deep causes of social problems, in order to draw useful conclusions, and try to gain some rational experience in the theory of funeral and burial sociology, the theory and practice of social security. This paper takes Chongqing funeral and interment system as the object of study, follows the hierarchical sociological observation idea from macro-meso-micro, and follows the logic of idea-system-policy thinking, respectively, from the perspective of funeral and interment law, to the study of the theory of enriched funeral and interment sociology, and to follow the logic of ideological-system-policy thinking. System design, policy measures, infrastructure and culture and civilization are the main problems in the reform of funeral system. The main problems in reality observation are as follows: first, improper system design, imperfect system of funeral laws and regulations, The management system is not perfect; second, the policy measures are imperfect and the intermediary problem is serious; third, the basic service facilities are not perfect and the basic public service capacity is insufficient; and the fourth is the slow progress of civilization. The masses' ecological concept is backward. Based on the observation of these main problems, this paper has carried out in-depth investigation, combined with basic theories such as welfare sociology, etc. This paper analyzes the causes of the problem of performance. It mainly uses two kinds of social research methods: one is questionnaire survey. According to the 500 subjects selected from ten funeral service units, A questionnaire survey was conducted on the reform and service of funeral and interment. The collected data were compiled and coded and analyzed by SPSS19.0. The frequency analysis was adopted to analyze the service quality of funeral service units and the ecological concept of mass funeral and interment in Chongqing. The investigation of service quality satisfaction mainly includes cremation, funeral treatment and burial. Second, interview methods. The interview subjects are divided into three categories, including funeral management agencies engaged in specific business staff, front-line staff and family members. Their views on the reform of the funeral and interment system in Chongqing and the corresponding strategies are respectively understood from different angles. The deviation of the system design concept leads to the defects in the design of the funeral system, the imbalance of the role of the government and the functional department. The lack of fairness leads to unequal service orientation and the traditional conservative culture of funeral and burial is still strong. This paper expounds the origin of the problem, and on the basis of theoretical analysis, draws lessons from the advanced experience at home and abroad, and combines the actual situation of Chongqing. Some specific suggestions are put forward: that is, under the direction of equalization of public services, the funeral reform should be regarded as a system to carry out overall reform, and the specific path is to enhance the service capacity on the basis of respect for local culture. To realize the integration of urban and rural areas as a specific goal, the construction of funeral talent team, the improvement of laws and regulations and the development of social organizations are combined to improve the satisfaction of the people and promote the reform of funeral tradition.
【学位授予单位】：重庆工商大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D632.9;C91

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