中西方同性恋现象比较与研究

发布时间：2018-03-08 14:39

本文选题：同性恋历史　切入点：伦理观　出处：《东北林业大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：同性恋现象与人类社会的发展如影随形,作为历史上普遍存在的一种行为模式,它曾在某些文化群体中享有过很高的地位。古希腊把同性恋视为“高等教育”的分支,中国两晋南北朝时期也曾在福建等地崇尚“男风”。然而,由于基督教的反对,同性恋在希腊文明辉煌之后,在欧洲中世纪受到残酷的对待,在中国,同性恋也被儒家思想认为其与传统伦理道德相背离,这使同性恋者陷入了生存困境。由于公众缺乏对同性恋的认识,认为同性恋是一种病态,同时,同性恋者又是艾滋病的高发人群,更加深了社会对该群体的歧视和偏见。随着社会的文明进步,尤其受美国同性恋解放运动的影响,“同性婚姻”在西方一些国家已经合法化。2010年6月27日,冰岛颁布相关法律,承认同性恋合法。同一天,冰岛女总理约翰娜·西于尔扎多蒂和相恋多年的同性伴侣完婚,成为全球首个公开同性恋身份的国家领导人。这也标志着“同性婚姻”合法化将引起更多国家的反响和重视。本文从先天形成论,弗洛伊德心理学理论以及酷儿理论探讨同性恋的成因,从不同的视角对比分析中西方同性恋现象,旨在说明同性恋与异性恋一样,是一种正常的性取向。我们应该改变传统的观念,消除对同性恋的偏见,尊重他们的性取向,共同促进社会的和谐稳定。本文共分六个部分。第一部分为绪论。简要介绍同性恋的界定和同性恋现象的国内外研究现状以及同性恋与文化之间的关系。第二部分主要介绍同性恋理论。分别从先天说等理论分析同性恋现象,从科学的角度论证了同性恋只是一种不同的性取向。第三部分主要从历史的角度对比分析中西方同性恋现象。同性恋现象在中西历史上都有着大量的文字记载,很多优秀的文学作品也以同性恋为题材。同性恋在中西方都曾有过辉煌的历史时期。同欧洲中世纪对同性恋的迫害相比较而言,同性恋在中国的发展环境还是相对宽松的。第四部分主要从伦理观的角度对比分析中西方同性恋现象。进一步说明伦理观对人类社会的影响,并阐述西方基督教对同性恋的压迫和圣经对同性恋的态度,以及在中国儒家“传宗接代”和道家“阴阳平衡”思想的影响下,同性恋者长期生活在被歧视与痛苦的边缘的状况。第五部分主要探讨同性恋目前的现状以及未来的发展趋势。我们要呼吁社会给予同性恋者更多的关注,以保障这一弱势群体的权利。第六部分对全文进行总结并得出结论：通过对相关历史时期的探讨,表明人们传统的宗教以及伦理观是造成同性恋者受到歧视的重要原因,并突出了本文的主题和意义。我们应该尊重同性恋的权利,共同营造和谐社会。
[Abstract]:The phenomenon of homosexuality is closely associated with the development of human society. As a widespread behavior pattern in history, it once enjoyed a high status among certain cultural groups. In ancient Greece, homosexuality was regarded as a branch of "higher education". During the Jin, Southern and Northern dynasties, China also advocated "masculinity" in Fujian and other places. However, because of Christian opposition, homosexuality was brutally treated in the Middle Ages in Europe after the glory of Greek civilization. In China, Homosexuality is also regarded by Confucianism as a departure from traditional ethics and morality, which makes homosexuals fall into a dilemma of survival. Because of the lack of public understanding of homosexuality, homosexuality is considered to be a morbid condition, and at the same time, Homosexuals are also the high incidence of AIDS, which has deepened the social discrimination and prejudice against this group. With the progress of social civilization, In particular, under the influence of the gay liberation movement in the United States, "same-sex marriage" has been legalized in some western countries. In June 27th 2010, Iceland enacted a law recognizing homosexuality. On the same day, The marriage of Icelandic Prime Minister Johanna Sigurzadotti to a long-loved same-sex partner became the world's first openly gay leader. It also marked that legalization of same-sex marriage will attract more and more countries' attention. This paper discusses the causes of homosexuality from the perspective of congenital formation theory, Freud psychological theory and queer theory, and analyzes the phenomenon of homosexuality in China and the West from different perspectives, in order to explain that homosexuality is the same as heterosexual. It is a normal sexual orientation. We should change traditional ideas, eliminate prejudice against homosexuality, respect their sexual orientation and promote social harmony and stability together. This paper is divided into six parts. The first part is the introduction. It briefly introduces the definition of homosexuality, the domestic and foreign research status of homosexuality phenomenon and the relationship between homosexuality and culture. The second part mainly introduces the theory of homosexuality, analyzes the phenomenon of homosexuality from the theory of congenital theory, and proves that homosexuality is only a kind of different sexual orientation from a scientific point of view. The third part mainly analyzes the phenomenon of homosexuality between China and the West from the historical point of view. The phenomenon of homosexuality has a lot of written records in the history of China and the West. Many outstanding literary works also take homosexuality as the subject matter. Homosexuality has a glorious historical period in both China and the West. Compared with the persecution of homosexuality in the Middle Ages in Europe, the development environment of homosexuality in China is relatively relaxed. The 4th part mainly analyzes the phenomenon of homosexuality in China and the West from the perspective of ethics. It further explains the influence of ethics on human society, and expounds the oppression of homosexuality in the West and the attitude of the Bible to homosexuality. Under the influence of Confucianism and Taoist thought of "balance of yin and yang", homosexuals have been living on the edge of discrimination and suffering for a long time. The 5th part mainly discusses the present situation and the future development trend of homosexuality. We should appeal to the society to pay more attention to homosexuals in order to protect the rights of this vulnerable group. Part 6th summarizes the full text and draws the conclusion: through the discussion of the relevant historical period, it shows that people's traditional religious and ethical views are the important causes of the discrimination against homosexuals. We should respect the rights of homosexuality and build a harmonious society together.
【学位授予单位】：东北林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：C913.9

【引证文献】