河北省太行山老区农民生态行为影响因素及对策研究

发布时间：2018-03-13 02:33

  本文选题：生态环境　切入点：农民　出处：《河北经贸大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国经济实力不断增强，对农村经济的发展也日益重视起来。近年来，政府出台了多种关于农村发展的政策方针，促进了农村地区经济的发展，改善了大部分地区农民的生活状况。但是，农村的生态环境问题日益突出，成为农村建设的重中之重。农村的发展，不仅是经济的发展，还应当包括环境的美化。但是，正是由于当前农村地区重经济发展轻环境保护，农村的生态环境呈现出不和谐的状况，农村环境问题层出不穷。环境恶化的形势若得不到制止，不仅影响农民生存环境，反过来也会影响农村经济的发展，形成恶性循环。因此，解决农村环境问题迫在眉睫。 当前，我国对生态环境建设加强了重视，但是农村地区相对城市较为薄弱，在十八大报告中，明确了生态环境建设的地位，把生态环境建设纳入社会主义现代化建设中，同经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设拥有同等地位，中国特色社会主义五位一体格局基本形成。农村生态环境系统是整个环境系统不可缺少的一部分，也是建设社会主义新农村的必然要求，必须加强对这一问题的重视，根据农村地区的具体情况提出建设性建议，促进农村全面发展。 在目前对农村生态环境的研究中，主要是论述存在的具体环境问题并在此基础上提出相应的改善措施，而从农民这一微观主体角度出发进行阐释的很少。而农民是长期生活在农村的主体，他们的行为与农村经济和农村环境的关系最为密切。因此，农民行为是否生态是农村环境状况好坏的关键所在。本文在此基础上，，以农民生态行为为研究点，研究农民生态行为的影响因素，从而实现农民行为的生态化，为农村环境建设出谋划策。 本研究选取河北省太行山老区的农村地区为研究区域，河北省是革命老区，大部分的县市都辖有一定区域的革命老区，其中有代表性的是石家庄所辖的鹿泉、平山、井陉、赞皇，保定市所辖的唐县、涞水、涞源、阜平、易县、满城等以及邯郸的涉县等区域，河北省太行山老区是京津和华北平原生态屏障的重要组成部分，是我国北方地区半湿润半干旱区的代表，同时也是西部大开发的过渡地带。正是因其这一特殊的地理位置，使得其经济发展方式和生态环境对我国整体自然环境具有重大的辐射作用，尤其是对华北地区的影响不可小觑。因此，本研究以此地区的农民为研究对象，到农村地区实施调研活动，发放调查问卷，研究农民生态行为。 本研究提出了农民的知识水平、意识水平以及外部环境因素是影响农民生态行为的主要因素，并对此进行了相关分析和回归分析，同时对农民生态行为在人口统计变量上的差异性做了简要分析。根据分析结果，可以得出农民的生态知识水平、意识水平以及外部环境对农民生态行为具有显著正向影响，是农民行为生态与否的原因所在，且年龄和文化程度不同农民生态行为也表现出一定的差异性。因此，要实现农民行为的生态化，就要丰富农民的生态知识，进而提高其生态意识，让生态行为内化为自身的一种习惯，同时还要注重发挥外部因素的强化作用。具体措施如下，首先要构建生态知识普及机制，充分利用多种形式、多种渠道向农民宣传环境保护知识，并注重与农民的生产和生活相结合，增进农民对环保知识的了解；其次，构建生态道德教育引导机制，提高农民生态意识水平。通过生态教育，改变农民在人与自然关系问题上的看法，逐渐树立以“生态利益”为导向的价值观，形成社会责任感，将生态环境保护内化为自身的行为习惯；最后，重视外部环境的作用。从政府政策、农村自治组织、以及乡村文化建设三方面出发，发挥外部因素的影响作用。关于人口统计变量方面，由于农民在不同的年龄阶段和不同的文化程度生态行为有一定的差异，在年龄方面要具体问题具体分析，在文化水平上要加强对农民的教育，提高他们的文化水平（文化水平越高的人生态行为表现越好）。 总之，实现农民行为的生态化，对改善农村环境现状，实现社会主义新农村建设的意义重大。
[Abstract]:China's growing economic strength, the development of rural economy is becoming more and more attention. In recent years, the government introduced a variety of rural development policy, promote the economic development of rural areas, improve the living conditions of farmers in most areas. However, the ecological environment problems in rural areas have become increasingly prominent, has become the priority among priorities the construction in rural areas. The rural development is not only the development of the economy, should also include the beautification of the environment. However, it is due to the heavy current economic development in rural areas in light of environmental protection, the rural ecological environment is not harmonious, emerge in an endless stream environmental problems in the rural areas. The deterioration of the environment situation if not to stop, not only influence the living environment of farmers, which in turn will affect the development of rural economy, forming a vicious spiral. Therefore, to solve environmental problems in rural areas is imminent.
At present, China has strengthened the importance of ecological environment construction in rural areas, but the city is relatively weak, in the eighteen report, the construction of the ecological environment status, the ecological environment construction in the construction of socialist modernization, with economic construction, political construction, cultural construction, social construction have equal status, China socialist five the basic pattern of the formation. The rural ecological environment system is an indispensable part of the environmental systems, but also the inevitable requirement of building a new socialist countryside, we must strengthen the importance of this issue, puts forward some constructive suggestions according to the specific situation in rural areas, promoting the development of countryside.
In the present study on the ecological environment in rural areas, mainly discusses the specific environmental problems existed and put forward the corresponding improvement measures, and rarely from the point of view of the microscopic subject of interpretation. Farmers and farmers is the main long-term living in rural areas, the relationship between their behavior and the rural economy and the environment closely. Therefore, whether the behavior of farmers is the key to the quality of rural ecological environment. On this basis, the farmers' ecological behavior as the research point, study the factors affecting farmers' ecological behavior, so as to realize the ecological behavior of farmers, to give advice and suggestions of rural environmental construction.
The study of rural areas in Hebei province were selected as the study area in Taihang Mountain District, Hebei Province, is the old revolutionary base areas, most of the counties under the jurisdiction of a certain area of the old revolutionary base areas, which is representative of Shijiazhuang under the jurisdiction of Luquan, Jingxing, Zanhuang, Pingshan, Baoding city under the jurisdiction of Tangxian County, Laishui, Laiyuan, Fuping, Yixian County Mancheng, Handan and Shexian County areas, Hebei Province, Taihang Mountain area is an important part of the Beijing Tianjin and North China plain ecological barrier, is the representative of northern China in semi humid and semi-arid region, but also the western development of the transition zone. This is because of its special geographical position, make its economic development the way and the ecological environment has great influence on the overall natural radiation environment in our country, especially on the North China area should not be overlooked. Therefore, the farmers in the area as the research object, the implementation of rural areas Research activities, survey questionnaires, and study farmers' ecological behavior.
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本文编号：1604441