近代东北城市化进程中乡村社会结构的变迁（1861-1945）

发布时间：2018-04-01 04:39

本文选题：近代东北　切入点：城市化　出处：《大连理工大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：近代东北乡村社会在内外力的相互作用下,打破了传统封闭的城乡关系。在卷入西方资本主义经济体系之后,沦为其经济发展的附庸。在近代东北地区,传统以军事、政治为功能的封建城市与新兴的经济、交通型半殖民地半封建城市开始向近代化过渡,而与之息息相关的乡村社会在城市化的推动、影响下开启了其近代化的社会结构变迁。作为中国近代乡村社会的重要组成部分,近代东北乡村受地理环境、地缘政治、社会经济条件、边疆文化、社会制度变革、对外交通方式,尤其是近代东北城市化的影响,加之与日俄殖民统治基础上确立的带有殖民性质的政治、经济、文化的相互碰撞,直接导致近代东北乡村社会结构发生了前所未有之变化。开辟了一条有别于近代中国其他区域的且富有东北地域特色的变革之路。一则,传统的乡村社会结构形式在新鲜血液注入之后有了全新的升级,其中男性构成人口结构的主体,配合劳动力的年轻化、规模化为乡村与城市经济发展提供了持续的动力。而乡村居民职业的复杂化、多元化又充分地展现了近代东北经济的发展。二则,近代西方文化在无形中革新了传统乡村的社会意识形态,家族观念、家庭范式、社会治理都有了一定的进步与发展。三则,军阀地主阶层与乡绅地主的由盛而衰,不能阻止小土地所有者进一步的破产与分化,也并未改变无地阶层扩大化的趋势。但也要注意的是打破近代东北乡村自主演变的殖民势力与封建顽固势力的结合严重地扰乱了近代东北乡村社会健康正常的发展轨迹,其对乡村社会的盘剥与压迫导致了乡村社会内部权力的失衡,并使乡村社会逐渐沦为城市发展的附属品,进而阻碍了乡村社会的前进和演变。本文以乡村社会结构变迁为视角,结合各种变化之原因,分析近代城市化进程中乡村社会的发展脉络,从中找出近代东北乡村社会发展与城乡关系的特点,以期对中国当今解决“三农”问题提供有力的历史经验和理论借鉴。
[Abstract]:Under the interaction of internal and external forces in modern northeast rural society, the traditional closed relationship between urban and rural areas was broken. After being involved in the western capitalist economic system, it became a vassal of its economic development. The political function of the feudal city and the emerging economy, traffic semi-colonial semi-feudal city began to transition to modernization, and the rural society is closely related to the promotion of urbanization, under the influence of the opening of its modern social structure changes. As an important part of China's modern rural society, modern northeast villages were influenced by geographical environment, geopolitics, social and economic conditions, frontier culture, social system changes, modes of external transportation, especially the urbanization of modern Northeast China. In addition to the political, economic and cultural collision with the colonial nature established on the basis of the colonial rule of Japan and Russia, As a direct result of the unprecedented changes in the rural social structure in modern times, it has opened up a road of change different from other regions in modern China and rich in regional characteristics of the Northeast. The traditional rural social structure has been upgraded after fresh blood has been injected. Among them, men constitute the main body of the population structure and cooperate with the younger age of the labor force. The scale of rural and urban economic development has provided a continuous impetus. The complexity of the occupation of rural residents and the diversity of rural residents have fully demonstrated the development of the northeast economy in modern times. Modern Western culture has virtually revolutionized the social ideology, family concept, family paradigm and social governance in the traditional villages. Third, the rise and decline of warlord and gentry landlords. The further bankruptcy and fragmentation of small landowners cannot be prevented, Nor did it change the trend of the expansion of the landless class. However, we should also pay attention to the fact that the combination of colonial forces and feudal diehard forces that broke the independent evolution of rural autonomy in modern Northeast China seriously disrupted the healthy and normal development track of modern rural society in Northeast China. The exploitation and oppression of rural society led to the imbalance of power in rural society, and gradually reduced the rural society to the adjunct of urban development, thus hindering the progress and evolution of rural society. From the perspective of the change of rural social structure and the causes of the changes, this paper analyzes the development of rural society in the process of urbanization in modern times, and finds out the characteristics of the relationship between rural social development and urban and rural development in modern Northeast China. In order to provide a powerful historical experience and theoretical reference for solving the problem of agriculture, rural areas and farmers in China.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：C912.8

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