大觉醒：美国女权运动影响对美国犹太社区妇女的影响

发布时间：2018-04-12 08:26

本文选题：美国女权运动 + 美国犹太社区妇女　；参考：《四川外语学院》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文首次从美国犹太妇女的角度研究美国女权运动对美国犹太社区的影响。本文的中心论点是美国犹太社区妇女根本性的变化是由美国女权运动引起的。尽管直到二十一世纪的今天，美国还有相当一部分犹太教徒，比如生活在纽约、费城、波士顿等大城市犹太社区的犹太人，仍然坚守四千多年的犹太习俗，，表面看他们似乎一直拒绝现代生活，但作为美国人他们同样受到了美国多元文化的影响，和其他少数族裔一样，他们的生活悄悄地发生着变化。而二十世纪二十至八十年代的美国女权运动使美国犹太妇女开始慢慢觉醒并产生巨大改变，也是美国犹太社区从封闭逐步走向开化的重要原因。本文探讨了美国正统派犹太妇女的女权意识如何在女权运动的影响下得到觉醒，并在教育、宗教、习俗等社会行为方面出现的改革式变化。论文首先概述了美国的主流女权运动及美国犹太女权运动发展的情势，并划分界定出本文所研究的美国主流女权运动、美国犹太女权运动以及犹太裔妇女的范围。随后作者阐述了美国犹太社区妇女如何在美国女权运动影响下，教育方面取得的巨大变革，如为女性创办新式学校，改变单一而死板的只为男性服务的传统犹太教学模式；鼓励妇女通过学习英语和进行语言革新接触美国主流社会文化；通过发表文章加强女权知识和观念的宣传，致力于平等教育权及世俗文化的传播。教育改革继而影响到美国犹太的宗教变革，如宗教观念的动摇，重新以女性视角来诠释托拉；妇女在会堂地位的提高，女性拉比的出现；以及各种宗教仪式的变革。随着宗教的改革，在一系列反正统文化的女权运动和美国社会文化的影响下，美国犹太妇女的社会生活习俗也发生了巨大的改变，如婚姻开放性和包容性的改变，婚礼习俗的美国化；女性家庭角色的转变和社会角色的丰满。论文从理论、运动、结果等方面论证了在美国女权运动的影响下美国犹太社区女性的巨大变革。
[Abstract]:This paper, for the first time, studies the influence of American feminist movement on American Jewish community from the perspective of American Jewish women.The central argument of this paper is that the fundamental change of women in American Jewish community is caused by American feminist movement.Although even today in the 21 century, a considerable number of Jews in the United States, such as Jews living in Jewish communities in large cities such as New York, Philadelphia and Boston, still adhere to more than 4,000 years of Jewish customs.On the face of it they seem to have refused modern life, but as Americans they are equally influenced by American multiculturalism and, like other minorities, their lives are quietly changing.The American feminist movement during the twenties and eighties of the 20th century made American Jewish women gradually wake up and produce great changes, which was also the important reason for the American Jewish community to gradually change from closed to civilized.This paper discusses how the feminist consciousness of American Orthodox Jewish women is awakened under the influence of feminist movement and the reformist changes in social behavior such as education religion custom and so on.Firstly, this paper summarizes the development of American mainstream feminist movement and American Jewish feminist movement, and defines the scope of American mainstream feminist movement, American Jewish feminist movement and Jewish women.Then the author expounds how women in American Jewish community have made great changes in education under the influence of American feminist movement, such as setting up new schools for women and changing the single and rigid traditional Jewish teaching mode which only serves men;Women are encouraged to learn English and to engage in language innovation in the mainstream of American culture; to promote feminist knowledge and ideas through the publication of articles dedicated to equal rights to education and the spread of secular culture.In turn, the educational reform affected the religious changes in Jewish America, such as the vacillation of religious ideas, the reinterpretation of Tora from the perspective of women, the advancement of women in synagogues, the emergence of female rabbis, and the changes in various religious rituals.With the reform of religion, under the influence of a series of anti-orthodox feminist movements and American social culture, the social customs of American Jewish women have also undergone tremendous changes, such as the opening and inclusive changes of marriage.The Americanization of wedding customs; the transformation of women's family roles and the fullness of their social roles.The paper demonstrates the great change of American Jewish community women under the influence of American feminist movement from theory, movement, result and so on.
【学位授予单位】：四川外语学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：C913.68;K712

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