浙江大学海外华人留学生的个人身份构建

发布时间：2018-04-13 10:35

本文选题：浙江 + 大学　；参考：《浙江大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着中国在过去十年间国际交流学生数量的增加,越来越多的海外华人学生选择来到中国接受高等教育。由于这仅仅是最近几年的发展所致,这一现象还尚未被深入研究过。本文针对这些学生是谁,以及他们来自哪里的问题进行了研究。本文属于传记研究的范畴,将质性传记研究的理论方法得以实际应用。其主要目的是分析这些来中国学习的海外华人留学生的个人身份构建。本文运用个人身份构建(biographical construction)的概念代替传统意义上的稳定的身份认同(identity)的概念。个人身份构建指的是个体在不同的社会背景下对自己身份的构建,这种个人身份构建常常会发生变化,可以看做是一种持续的构建的过程。本文对来自7个不同国家,不同时期,不同代际的13位华人留学生针对他们在中国及所在国的个人身份构建进行了半结构式访谈。大体对他们自身的感觉以及他们在哪里会有归属感的问题做了了解。他们的移民背景以及来中国学习之前就有的与中国的联系,都被看做是影响他们自我认识以及对居住环境的认识起重要作用的因素。这些受访者属于两个不同的移民浪潮,从1900年到1940年间清朝没落到民国期间的移民潮；1970年到1990年间甚至一直延续至今天,由于中国改革开放形成的家庭移民浪潮。根据移民时间和移民目的地可以继续将被采访者分为以下四组：1)3位受采访者属于父母移民到英语国家的二代华人：2)2位受采访者属于父母和祖父母移民到法国的二代或二代/三代华人；3)2位受采访者属于家庭二次移民的三代华人：经过东南亚国家再移民至英语国家；4)6位受采访者属于家庭移民至东南亚国家的三代/四代华人。从中可以看出个人身份构建的复杂性,每一位被采访者对于我是谁,现在在哪的问题都有自己的看法。总体而言,三代／四代华人往往将自己定义为移民所在国的公民,不过在文化上居于两国之间。二代华人常常要根据情况来定义自己是谁,在所在国时他们将自己定义为各自所在国家的中国人,如加拿大华人；而在中国时他们将自己定义为是加拿大人。只有两位来自法国的受访者认为在中国时自己是海外华人。那些家庭经历过多次移民,有丰富移民背景的受访者们对于个人身份构建有着更深入的理解。观察到的很有趣的一点是,不少受访者表示在中国常常会将自己的身份转换为中国人,因为这样可以在讨价还价时得到一个令人满意的价格。总而言之,尽管华人留学生有很多相似之处,但是移民背景的不同,社会环境的不同也使他们存在许多的差异,这些差异对于他们理解个人身份构建起着至关重要的作用。
[Abstract]:With the increasing number of international exchange students in China in the past decade, more and more overseas Chinese students choose to come to China for higher education.Since this is the result of only recent years of development, this phenomenon has not been further studied.This paper studies who these students are and where they come from.This paper belongs to the category of biographies and applies the theoretical methods of qualitative biographies to practice.Its main purpose is to analyze the personal identity of these overseas Chinese students studying in China.In this paper, the concept of personal identity construction is used to replace the traditional concept of stable identity.The construction of personal identity refers to the construction of individual identity in different social backgrounds, which often changes, and can be seen as a process of continuous construction.In this paper, 13 Chinese students from 7 different countries, different periods and different generations were interviewed about their personal identity construction in China and their countries.A general understanding of how they feel and where they belong.Their immigrant background and their connections to China before they came to study in China are seen as factors that influence their self-knowledge and understanding of their living environment.These interviewees belong to two different waves of immigration, from 1900 to 1940, from the decline of the Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China, and from 1970 to 1990, even to the present day, due to the wave of family immigration formed by China's reform and opening up.According to immigration time and destination, the interviewees can continue to be divided into the following four groups: three interviewees belong to the second generation of Chinese whose parents emigrated to the English-speaking countries. 2 interviewees belong to parents and grandparents who emigrate to France.Two of the interviewees belong to the third generation of Chinese who emigrated from their families for the second time: 4 / 6 of the interviewees who have emigrated to the English-speaking countries through Southeast Asian countries belong to the third / fourth generations of Chinese who emigrate from their families to Southeast Asian countries.As you can see the complexity of personal identity construction, each interviewee has his or her own opinion on who I am and where I am now.In general, third / fourth generation Chinese tend to define themselves as citizens of the country of immigration, but culturally between the two countries.The second generation of Chinese often define themselves according to the circumstances. In the host country they define themselves as the Chinese in their respective countries, such as the Canadian Chinese; in China, they define themselves as Canadians.Only two French respondents thought they were overseas Chinese in China.Those whose families have emigrated many times and who have rich immigrant backgrounds have a deeper understanding of personal identity building.It is interesting to note that many interviewees say they often convert their identities to Chinese in China because they can get a satisfactory price when bargaining.In a word, although there are many similarities among Chinese students, the differences of immigration background and social environment make them have many differences, which play an important role in their understanding of personal identity construction.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：C912.1

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