论社会学芝加哥学派的历史分期以及理论贡献

发布时间：2018-04-14 16:40

本文选题：芝加哥大学 + 社会学芝加哥学派　；参考：《晋阳学刊》2013年02期

【摘要】：社会学芝加哥学派的诞生是二十世纪初以来几十年间美国社会科学研究发展中的一件大事,这一学派大致经历了早期孕育、全盛时期以及衰败时期等几个重要发展阶段。在早期孕育阶段杜威、米德、库利等人为芝加哥社会学的发展提供了哲学思想,并开创了一些社会学基础理论研究领域,斯莫尔等人在介绍欧洲社会学理论等方面贡献甚多,托马斯等人则通过对波兰移民等问题的研究开启了社会学研究的美国化及应用化,使美国社会学研究脱离了欧洲社会学研究的学院式抽象思辨传统。在其发展的全盛时期,帕克、伯吉斯等人介入到都市生态结构以及都市行为研究,进一步强化了美国社会学研究的本土化和应用化特征,并丰富了社会学研究的实证研究方法。芝加哥社会学的发展从根本上来说是对美国二十世纪初以来社会变化与发展的一种反应,二十世纪三四十年代以后,诸如都市问题、移民问题、种族文化问题开始淡化并淡出,美国社会学研究的关注点也发生转移,社会学芝加哥学派也随之而衰落。同时,芝加哥学派不但对美国社会科学产生了深刻影响,同时也催生了美国传播学这样一个新兴研究领域,社会学芝加哥学派的一些重要成员还直接参与了美国新闻传播学的研究。
[Abstract]:The birth of the Chicago School of Sociology is a major event in the development of social science research in the United States since the beginning of the 20th century. The school has experienced several important stages of development, such as early gestation, heyday and decline.In the early gestation stage, Dewey, Meade, Kuli and others provided philosophical ideas for the development of sociology in Chicago, and opened up some fields of basic theoretical research of sociology. Small and others contributed a lot to the introduction of European sociological theories.Thomas et al. started the Americanization and application of sociological research through the study of Polish immigration and so on, which separated American sociological research from the college abstract speculative tradition of European sociological research.In the heyday of their development, Parker and Burgess were involved in the study of urban ecological structure and urban behavior, which further strengthened the localization and applied characteristics of American sociological research, and enriched the empirical research methods of sociological research.The development of sociology in Chicago is fundamentally a reaction to social change and development in the United States since the beginning of the twentieth century. After the 1930s and 40s, such as urban issues, immigration issues, and racial and cultural issues, began to fade and fade away.The focus of American sociological research has also shifted, and the Chicago School of Sociology has also declined.At the same time, the Chicago School not only had a profound impact on American social sciences, but also gave birth to a new field of American communication.Some important members of the Chicago School of Sociology are also directly involved in the study of American journalism and communication.
【作者单位】：西南政法大学全球新闻与传播学院;
【分类号】：C06

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