事务性交往及其在跨文化交际中的运用

发布时间：2018-04-18 13:04

本文选题：交往 + 事务性交往　；参考：《四川外语学院》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：交往是指不同主体间的相互理解和相互影响。随着社会经济的发展,科学技术飞速向前,并在很大程度上改变了世界格局和人类生活方式。在人类进入信息时代后,现代交通和通讯技术日益提升,信息传播速度加快,人们之间的交往也愈加频繁和畅通。不同文化和不同国家间的联系,对话,协商及讨论等成为了最主要的几类外交活动,而这也正是跨文化交际的几个典型交际方式。虽然现代科学可以在时间和空间上无限延伸,但常常还是不能跨越“无法相互理解”这一障碍。跨文化交际,作为一门现代科学,对近代人类生活产生了重要影响。跨文化交际的技巧和能力也就成为现代成功人士基本素质不可或缺的一部分。事务性交往是社会交往最普遍的一种形式。它是在商业行为,公共事务,政府官方活动和外交活动中进行的。学术界对事务性交往有两种理解：狭义和广义的事务性交往。广义的事务性交往与人们的每一个具体交际行为都有关,涉及社会生活的每个方面且发挥重要作用。而狭义上的事务性交往只表示经济和官方的交往,即正式场合的交往。事务性交往有社会和心理学意义。社会学意义是指,事务性交往作为社会文化和传统的传播手段,而心理学意义是指人的心理世界在交往过程中的相互理解和相互作用。因此,在事务性交往过程中人们能够完成自己的目标。带有不同目的的交往有着不同的内容和类型,但基本上它们的原则和标准都是近似的。跨文化交际中的事务性交往具有自身的特点,且在跨文化交际中存在着许多由于文化差别产生的障碍。跨文化交际中的事务性交往已经成为一个复杂的科学课题。为了克服这些障碍,交往行为的参与者要严格遵守事务性交往原则和交往礼仪。本文对事务性交往及它的内容，跨文化交际,跨文化交际背景下的事务性交往以及如何克服其交往过程中产生的障碍和解决方法都进行了研究分析。本文的现实意义在于：1)目前缺乏事务性交往概念及其主要内容的确定性研究；2)从跨文化交际的角度研究事务性交往具有重要意义;3)克服跨文化交际中事务性交往障碍的具体研究具有实践意义。本文的学术新意在于第一次尝试在各学科综合的基础上描绘《事务性交往》这一概念,同时在跨文化交际学背景上分析其内容,从而揭示出事务性交往作为跨文化交际重要内容的新特征。本文的研究对象是“事务性交往”,以及在跨文化交际过程中事务性交往的特点和不同的障碍及其克服障碍的途径。本文研究的具体内容是事务性交往的概念,内容,特点,分类,目的以及从跨文化交际角度研究其独特特征及交往障碍。本文的理论意义在于运用跨学科的文化研究方法完成《事务性交往》和《跨文化交际》这一在哲学,心理学和行为学领域中经常出现的社会概念。本文的实践意义在于得出的结论可以克服对跨文化交际背景下的事务性交往障碍具有具体的指导作用。本文中所使用的材料可以运用到为中文为母语的俄语学习者所编写的课本和教学参考资料之中,还可用于翻译活动之中。我们已知的跨文化交际背景下的事务性交往概念可运用到跨文化交际的教学之中。根据本文文化材料的特点、本文的目的和任务选择了所需的研究方法。本文运用了概念分析法、跨学科研究法和对比研究等方法。本文的研究目的在于从跨文化交际学的角度,分析《事务性交往》的文化概念,内容,特点及其障碍。本文的结构是由绪论、三章正文、结语和参考文献构成。前言交代了本文的选题理由、现实性和学术新意、研究目的、理论和实践意义,并简述了论文的结构。第一章分为三个小节,分别对《交往》,《事务性交往》和《跨文化交际》这三个文化概念的理论分析,介绍了《事务性交往》这一概念的含义和内容,以及跨文化交际的基本知识。第一小节描述了《交往》的概念,交往的目的以及其分类《交往》是一个多学科共用的概念。至今为止,不同学科对《交往》都有着不同的阐释。我国著名学者赵家祥教授曾经总结说：“心理学上的交往概念指人与人之间的心理接触或直接沟通,彼此达到一定的认知；社会学上的交往概念主要是指特意完成的交往行为，，通过交往行为形成特定的社会联系;哲学上的交往概念是人所特有的互相往来关系的一种存在方式……综合上述交往的含义,我们把“交往”概念界定为：交往是人类特有的存在方式和活动方式,是人与人之间发生社会关系的一种中介,是以物质交往为基础的全部经济、政治、思想文化交往的总和”。第二小节对事务性交往的基础理论知识进行了介绍和描述。其中包括事务性交往的概念,内容,目的,特点和从各种方面进行的分类。事务性交往作为现代社会基本交往方式的一种,在社会生活中起到了重要作用。同时,本文还指出《事务性交往》不同于中文《商务往来》的概念。第三小节中阐述了跨文化交际的基本理论知识。跨文化交际作为交往行为的一种,跨文化交际学是现代非常具有研究意义的一门学科。跨文化交际是一门年轻的学科,它是在国际交往日益频繁、全球经济一体化的特定时代中产生的。跨文化交际学主要研究不同文化背景的人在交际过程中的一切。文化的不同导致交际中的碰撞和障碍一直存在。本小节介绍了跨文化交际的产生过程,以及其分类和特点等基本理论知识。第二章分为3个小节。本章的第一小节分析并总结了跨文化交际背景下事务性交往的内容。第二小节对跨文化交际中事务性交往的目的和特点等都进行了阐释。第三小节则是通过语言交际和非语言交际对跨文化交际中的事务性交往的具体内容进行分类分析。了解跨文化交际中事务性交往的特点,通过对具体分类对其内容进行分析,才能更细致地了解跨文化交际背景下的事务性交往第三章主要分析了跨文化交际背景下事务性交往中产生的障碍及其解决途径：1)跨文化交际中事务性交往的障碍：2)对跨文化交际背景下事务性交往障碍克服途径；3)提升个人素质和交往技能本章第一小节中介绍了事务性交往中经常出现的障碍,即相互影响上的障碍,相互理解上的障碍以及交流障碍。这些障碍在交往中以各种形式表现出来而在跨文化交际背景下的事务性交往过程中会产生新的障碍,如语言,风俗习惯,宗教信仰,意识形态等等。本章第二小节主要阐述克服这些障碍的基本原则。本小节首先介绍了事务性交往的基本原则,掌握了这些原则,才能将事务性交往顺利进行。在跨文化：背景下,在这些原则的基础上,还要遵守事务性交往的礼仪。遵守礼仪,尊重对方的文化和个性,才是事务性交往成功的最基本保证。第三小节中个人素质和交往技能进行了阐述和分析。个人的素质和交往技能直接影响交往双方的关系,并对交往的结果产生重要的影响。良好的个人品质能够使双方的关系更为牢固,学习交往技巧能够提高自身的交际能力。掌握《说》和《写》的能力,能够熟练进行演讲,谈判,辩论,制定合同,各种函件的书写,都是商务能力的表现。结语回顾总结全文,得出结论。
[Abstract]:Communication refers to the mutual understanding and mutual influence among different subjects. With the development of social economy, science and technology rapidly, and changed the pattern of the world and human life to a great extent. In after entering the information age, modern transportation and communication technology is increasing, information transmission speed, communication between people has become more and more frequent and smooth. Different cultures and the relationship between countries, dialogue, negotiation and discussion of several kinds of diplomatic activities become the most important, and this is some typical ways of communication in cross-cultural communication. Although modern science can be infinitely extended in time and space, but often still can't cross the "can't understand each other" this obstacle. Intercultural communication, as a modern science, has an important influence on modern human life. The skills and abilities of intercultural communication becomes a successful person An indispensable part of basic quality.
Business communication is a form of social intercourse. It is most common in business, public affairs, government official activities and diplomatic activities. The academic circles for transactional exchanges have two kinds of understanding: the narrow and broad business contacts. For each specific communicative behavior of transactional exchanges with people the broad, involving every aspect of social life and play an important role. The narrow sense only to foreign affairs and Economic Association official said, namely formal contacts.
The social and psychological significance of transactional communication. The sociological significance refers to the transactional communication as the social culture and the traditional means of communication, and the psychological meaning refers to the mutual understanding of the psychological world in the process of communication and interaction. Therefore, in the process of business communication people can achieve their own goals. Contact with the purpose of a different content and different types, but basically the principles and standards are similar. Cross cultural communication to foreign affairs has its own characteristics, and in cross-cultural communication because there are many cultural difference obstacles. Cross cultural communication in business communication has become a complex scientific research. In order to overcome these obstacles, the communicative participants must strictly abide by the principles of etiquette and transactional exchanges. The transactional communication and its content, cross culture Communication, transactional communication in the background of intercultural communication, and how to overcome the obstacles and solutions in the process of communication have been studied and analyzed.
The practical significance of this paper lies in: 1) study to determine the current lack of transactional communication concept and the main content; 2) from the perspective of intercultural communication research has important significance to the foreign affairs; 3) has practical significance of specific research to overcome transactional cross-cultural communication obstacles.
The academic originality of this paper is the first attempt to depict the concept of transactional communication on the basis of various disciplines. Meanwhile, it analyzes its contents in the context of intercultural communication, thus revealing the new characteristics of transactional communication as an important part of intercultural communication.
The object of this study is "transactional communication", as well as the characteristics of transactional communication in the process of intercultural communication, the different obstacles and the ways to overcome the obstacles.
The specific content of this study is the concept, content, characteristics, classification, purpose of transactional communication and the study of its unique characteristics and communication barriers from the perspective of intercultural communication.
The theoretical significance of this paper is to complete intercultural communication and intercultural communication, which is a frequent social concept in philosophy, psychology and behavior.
The practical significance of this article is the conclusion can overcome sexual affairs in the context of intercultural communication to the obstacle has specific guidance. The materials used in this paper can be applied to Chinese for native speakers of Russian learners written textbooks and teaching reference materials, can also be used in translation activities. We have known in the context of intercultural communication business communication concept can be applied to intercultural communication teaching.
According to the characteristics of cultural materials in this article, the purpose and task of this paper have chosen the research methods needed. This paper applies concepts analysis, interdisciplinary research and comparative research.
The purpose of this study is to analyze the cultural concept, content, characteristics and obstacles of transactional communication from the perspective of intercultural communication.
The structure of this article is composed of the introduction, the three chapter, the conclusion and the reference literature.
The preface describes the reasons for the topic, the reality and the new academic meaning, the purpose, the theoretical and practical significance, and the structure of the paper.
The first chapter is divided into three sub sections, which are the theoretical analysis of three cultural concepts: communication, transactional communication and intercultural communication. The meaning and content of the concept of transactional communication and the basic knowledge of intercultural communication are introduced.
The first section describes the concept of "communication >", the purpose of communication and its classification.
< > communication is a multidisciplinary sharing concept. So far, different disciplines of < > contacts have a different interpretation. China's famous scholar Professor Zhao Jiaxiang once concluded: "the psychology of the concept of communication between people refers to psychological contact or communicate directly with each other to reach a certain cognitive sociology; the concept of communication mainly refers to the communicative behavior specially completed, forming particular social contact through communicative action; on the philosophy of the concept of communication is a unique human intercourse relationship exists. The communicative meaning, we put the" communication "is defined as: communication is unique to human existence and activities, is a kind of intermediary social relations between people, is the whole economy, based on the material intercourse political thought, sum of cultural exchanges.
The basic theoretical knowledge of the second section of transactional communication are introduced and described. Including the concept of transactional communication content, purpose, characteristics and classification from various aspects. Transactional communication as a basic way of communication in modern society, in social life play an important role. At the same time, this paper also that concept of transactional communication > < < > is different from the Chinese business.
The third section describes the basic theoretical knowledge of intercultural communication. Intercultural communication as a kind of communicative action, intercultural communication is a subject of great research significance. Modern intercultural communication is a young discipline, it is in the increasingly frequent international exchanges, a specific era of global economic integration. In the intercultural communication focuses on people of different cultural backgrounds all in the process of communication. Cultural differences lead to collision and obstacles in communication has always existed. This section introduces the process of intercultural communication, and the basic theory of the classification and characteristics of knowledge.
The second chapter is divided into 3 sections. The first section of this chapter summarizes the content of transactional communication under the background of cross cultural communication. The second section explains the affairs of intercultural communication communication purposes and characteristics. The third section is classified through the analysis of language communication and the specific content of non language exchange as for transactional communication in intercultural communication. To understand the characteristics of transaction of cross-cultural communication in communication, through the analysis of the contents of the specific classification, can be more detailed understanding of the affairs of the association in the context of cross cultural communication
The third chapter mainly analyzes the obstacles and solutions of intercourse in Intercultural Communication: 1) barriers to transactional communication in cross cultural communication: 2) overcoming barriers to transactional communication in cross cultural communication; 3) improving personal qualities and communication skills.
The first part of this chapter introduces the frequent intercourse obstacles in the affairs, mutual influence on mutual understanding obstacles, obstacles and communication barriers. These barriers in the process of business communication exchanges manifested in various forms and in the context of intercultural communication will produce new barriers, such as language. Customs, religious beliefs, ideology and so on.
The second section focuses on basic principles to overcome these obstacles. This section first introduces the basic principles of business communication, grasp these principles can be transactional communication smoothly. In cross-cultural background, based on these principles, but also comply with the affairs of etiquette. Abide by etiquette, respect each other's culture and personality, is the most basic guarantee of successful communication affairs.
Personal qualities and communication skills of the third section is discussed and analyzed. Personal qualities and skills directly affect the communication between the two sides, and have an important impact on the result of communication. Good personal qualities can make the relationship stronger, learning skills to improve their communicative competence. < > Master said < > and write ability, proficiency in speech, debate, negotiation, contract, letter writing is various, business ability.
The concluding remarks summarize the full text and draw a conclusion.

【学位授予单位】：四川外语学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：C912.3

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