社会工作介入农村孤寡老人社会支持网络重建的研究

发布时间：2018-05-31 08:15

本文选题：农村孤寡老人 + 支持网络　；参考：《西北农林科技大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：中国已经进入老龄化社会,且老龄化速度之快,程度之深,严重影响了社会的和谐发展。农村的老龄化程度高于城市,农村中的老人养老问题成为农村社区发展的巨大障碍。生活在农村社区中的孤寡老人无子女无配偶,缺少家庭角色,加之社会的隔离,支持其健康养老的网络崩溃,孤寡老人的养老问题成为解决农村老人养老问题的重点和难点。本文旨在为农村中的孤寡老人进行社会工作实践活动的介入,帮助其重新构建新的支持网络,在支持网络的支持下健康养老。本文首先通过对资料和文献的研究了解了生活在农村中的老孤寡老人支持网络的现状和重建的可能,将重建支持网络的来源划分为两种:正式和非正式支持,正式支持网络包括来自国家政策和社区援助,而非正式支持则来自非正式组织的支援和亲友的支持,重新构建新的的支持网络以支撑孤寡老人健康养老;其次用专业的社工方法介入了新疆生产建设兵团奇台农场开垦庙社区敬老院,开展了小组和个案工作,帮助孤寡老人重新构建支持网络;最后通过对敬老院中孤寡老人开展的各项活动,得出社会工作实践的评估和经验,工作结束后,观察孤寡老人通过重建支持网络获得支持健康养老的生活状态,讨论社会工作在帮助重建农村孤寡老人支持网络的优势和未来在解决类似问题的发展前景。本文对生活在开垦庙社区敬老院中的孤寡老人开展了专业的社会工作服务,帮助其重新构建能支持其健康养老的支持网络:一进行小组工作,以社会心理治疗模式为分析方向开展工作,目的在于帮助其重新获得新的朋友支持,以弥补其非正式支持不足,同时,建立起小组中老人与正式支持提供者之间的联系,鼓励其主动通过该途径获取正式的支持;二进行个案工作,以任务中心模式为解决途径开展工作,目的在于帮助老人重新融入周边已经存在的组织中去,获得新的非正式支持,同时,帮助老人改善与亲戚的关系,巩固其亲属系统提供的支持。研究发现,通过对小组工作和个案工作实践经验的总结和评估,服务后的孤寡老人原本心理的空虚和生活的艰苦状态有了改善,基本可以依靠重新建立起的支持系统,充实健康的养老。实践体现了社会工作助人自助的价值理念,帮助老人在服务结束后仍能维持这种改变,并且得出了社会工作在解决问题的工作模式:孤寡老人本身的支持网络崩溃状态到将老人周边的资源通过社会工作方法进行整合,重新构建老人的支持网络,维持其健康的生活状态的过程。
[Abstract]:China has entered an aging society, and the speed and depth of aging seriously affect the harmonious development of society. The aging degree in rural areas is higher than that in urban areas, and the problem of the aged in rural areas has become a great obstacle to the development of rural communities. The lonely elderly living in the rural community have no children and no spouse, lack of family role, and the social isolation, which support the network collapse of their healthy old-age support, so the old-age problem of the lonely elderly has become the key and difficult point to solve the problem of rural old-age support. The purpose of this paper is to carry out social work practice for the lonely elderly in rural areas, to help them to rebuild a new support network, and to support the health care of the elderly with the support of the network. In this paper, the current situation and the possibility of reconstruction of the support network for the elderly and the elderly living in rural areas are studied, and the sources of the reconstruction support network are divided into two types: formal and informal support. Formal support network includes support from national policy and community assistance, while informal support comes from informal organization and support from relatives and friends. Secondly, the professional social work method is used to intervene in the Qitai Farm of Xinjiang production and Construction Corps, and the community homes for the aged in Qitai Farm are carried out, and the group and case work are carried out to help the lonely elderly to rebuild the support network. Finally, through the activities carried out by the lonely elderly in the elderly home, the evaluation and experience of the social work practice are obtained. After the work is over, the living conditions of the lonely elderly people who get the support and healthy old-age support through the reconstruction of the support network are observed. This paper discusses the advantages of social work in helping to rebuild the rural support network for the elderly and the prospects for solving similar problems in the future. This paper provides professional social work services to the elderly who live in the community homes for the aged in the Temple of Reclamation, to help them rebuild their support networks that can support their health and support for the aged: first, to carry out group work. Working in the analytical direction of the psycho-social treatment model, aimed at helping them regain new friend support to compensate for their lack of informal support, and at the same time establishing linkages between older persons in groups and formal providers of support, Encouraging them to take the initiative to obtain formal support through this approach; and second, to undertake case work, using the task-centred approach as a solution, with the aim of helping older persons to reintegrate into existing organizations around them and to gain new informal support, At the same time, help the elderly to improve their relations with relatives and consolidate the support provided by their kinship system. The study found that by summing up and evaluating the practical experience of group work and case work, the psychological emptiness and the hardship of life of the lonely elderly after service have been improved, and they can basically rely on the re-established support system. Enrich a healthy old age. Practice embodies the value of social work to help others to help themselves, helping the elderly to maintain this change after the end of the service. And has obtained the social work in the solution question work pattern: the lonely old man's own support network collapses the state to carry on the integration through the social work method to construct the old person's support network. The process of maintaining a healthy state of life.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D669.6;C916

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