克里希那穆提自我认知理论及对社会工作启示

发布时间：2018-12-14 22:19

【摘要】：克里希那穆提是二十世纪著名的印度哲学家、教育家,对西方哲学和宗教的发展产生了很大影响。经历两次世界大战的他一生奔波演讲,致力于把人们从恐惧和混乱中解放出来,去体会爱与自由的境界。他认为要从根本上改变社会,必须先做到改变行动者个人对于社会与自我的认知。其自我认知理论教诲人们要通过自我觉知来达到生命平静的状态,教导人们要关注自己心灵内部的善与美,从而使自我也得到更完整的发展,可以为社会工作提供新的参考。本文首先介绍了克里希那穆提的人生经历和思想来源,通过了解克氏的生平可以更好地理解他一生的教诲和主旨。紧接着第二部分解读了社会工作自我认知理论的概念及其渊源,从侧面简单对比了克里希那穆提的自我认知理论和以往的自我认知理论的相同点和不同点,展现了克氏的自我认知理论对社会工作理论的丰富和发展。第三部分详细探讨了克里希那穆提的自我认知理论,从自我认知理论是什么、为什么到怎么做的过程,详细阐述了克氏自我认知理论的主要观点。首先从自我构成和自我的活动解释了自我的概念;其次介绍了自我反省和自我认知的不同,从而解释了社会工作者在实践中存在的一些误区,进一步探讨了社会工作者在实践过程当中应如何帮助案主发现自身存在的不足和解决所面临的困难;紧接着笔者通过如何发现问题、调整情绪、认识人性、改变生活方式和调节关系五个方面详细解释了为什么要自我认知,同时也详细阐述了如何在社会工作实践中运用克氏自我认知理论来帮助案主解决这五个方面的问题;再次,笔者从自我认知与思考、与时间的关系以及如何倾听三个方面来详细解释怎么进行自我认知的过程,这为社会工作实践中的认知理论疗法提供了新的参考。在对克氏自我认知理论的详细阐述中,主要探讨了自我认知过程中与思考和时间上的问题,在以往的社会工作实践中认为案主的改变是需要一个时间的过程的,而克里希那穆提认为改变的过程是立刻地,这是否是社会工作实践发展的新的思路,是本段探讨的关键之处;最后,笔者从自身的角度评价了克里希那穆提的自我认知理论。第四部分主要从社会工作者、服务对象和社会工作实践的过程三个方面详细阐述了克里希那穆提对社会工作的启示。本论文旨在系统论述克里希那穆提的自我认知理论,并从社会工作者、服务对象和社会工作实践三个方面探讨克里希那穆提的自我认知理论对社会工作的启示,进一步从新的理论来思考社会工作助人自助的基本原则。
[Abstract]:Krishnamurti, a famous Indian philosopher and educator in the 20 th century, exerted great influence on the development of western philosophy and religion. After two world wars, he spent his whole life talking about liberating people from fear and chaos to understand the state of love and freedom. He believes that to fundamentally change society, we must first change the individual's perception of society and self. His theory of self-cognition teaches people to achieve a state of tranquility through self-awareness, and teaches people to pay attention to the goodness and beauty within their own hearts, so that they can also get a more complete development of themselves, which can provide a new reference for social work. This paper first introduces Krishnamurti's life experience and source of thought. Then the second part explains the concept and origin of social work self-cognition theory, and compares the similarities and differences between Krishnamurti's self-cognition theory and previous self-cognition theory. It shows the enrichment and development of Klind's self-cognition theory to the theory of social work. In the third part, the author discusses Krishnamurti's theory of self-cognition in detail, from the process of self-cognition theory to how to do it, and expounds in detail the main viewpoints of Klinamurti's theory of self-cognition. Firstly, it explains the concept of self from the aspects of self composition and self activity. Secondly, it introduces the differences between self-reflection and self-cognition, thus explaining some misunderstandings existing in the practice of social workers. Further discussed how social workers in the practice process should help the victim to find their own shortcomings and solve the difficulties faced; Then the author explains in detail why he should recognize himself by finding problems, adjusting his emotions, understanding human nature, changing his lifestyle and regulating his relationship. At the same time, it also expounds in detail how to use the theory of Kessler's self-cognition in the practice of social work to help the victim solve these five problems. Thirdly, the author explains the process of self-cognition from three aspects: self-cognition and thinking, the relationship between time and time, and how to listen to each other, which provides a new reference for cognitive theory therapy in the practice of social work. In this paper, the author mainly discusses the problems of thinking and time in the process of self-cognition. In the past practice of social work, the author thinks that the change of the owner of the case needs a process of time. Krishnamurti believes that the process of change is immediate, whether this is a new way of thinking about the development of social work practice, is the key to the discussion in this paragraph; Finally, the author evaluates Krishnamurti's theory of self-cognition from his own point of view. The fourth part mainly elaborates the inspiration of Krishnamurti to social work from three aspects: social worker, service object and the process of social work practice. The purpose of this thesis is to systematically discuss Krishnamurti's theory of self-cognition, and to discuss the enlightenment of Krishnamurti's theory of self-cognition to social work from three aspects: social worker, object of service and practice of social work. Further from the new theory to reflect on the basic principles of social work to help self-help.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：C916

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