乡村的文化失调与农民的弱势地位——质性社会学视角下当前乡村社会质量的两个问题

发布时间：2019-01-15 07:36

【摘要】：文章依据在陕西关中地区多个村庄的质性调查,从质性社会学的社会质量视角观照当代剧烈变迁中的乡村社会,认为在市场化、全球化的背景下,乡村传统文化日渐式微,尤其是在城市化的进程中,伴随"贱农主义"思潮的传播及消费主义的侵蚀,乡村社会的文化秩序陷入严重"失调"的窘境;城乡之间的不平等关系、城市资本的强势扩张、农民主体性的缺失及国家抑制粮价的长期效应,导致农村居民的弱势地位。乡村的文化失调与农民的弱势地位是当前乡村社会面临的两个主要问题,两者之间相互交织、叠加,成为影响当前乡村社会质量的关键因素。为了提升乡村社会的发展质量,应该深刻反思当前的城市化扩张,尊重农民的主体性,完善惠农利农政策,并以开放的心态实行中西文化的融合。只有改变农民的弱势地位,建构一种融合传统与现代的农村新文化,才是防止乡村衰落和社会断裂的根本出路。
[Abstract]:Based on the qualitative investigation of many villages in Guanzhong area of Shaanxi Province, this paper, from the perspective of social quality of qualitative sociology, looks at the rural society in the contemporary drastic changes, and holds that under the background of marketization and globalization, the traditional rural culture is declining day by day. Especially in the process of urbanization, with the spread of the ideological trend of "humble peasant doctrine" and the erosion of consumerism, the cultural order of the rural society is in a dilemma of serious "imbalance". The unequal relationship between urban and rural areas, the strong expansion of urban capital, the lack of farmers' subjectivity and the long-term effect of the state on grain prices lead to the weak position of rural residents. The cultural imbalance of the countryside and the weak position of the peasants are the two main problems facing the rural society at present. The two problems are intertwined and superimposed and become the key factors influencing the quality of the rural society at present. In order to improve the development quality of rural society, we should deeply reflect on the current urbanization expansion, respect the subjectivity of farmers, perfect the policy of benefiting farmers and benefit agriculture, and carry out the integration of Chinese and western cultures with an open mind. Only by changing the weak position of peasants and constructing a new rural culture that combines tradition with modern is the fundamental way to prevent rural decline and social breakage.
【作者单位】：陕西省社会科学院社会学研究所;西藏民族大学新闻传播学院;
【基金】：陕西省社科基金项目“城镇化进程中乡村文化的断裂与重建——基于陕西关中农村的实地调查”的阶段性成果(项目编号:2014G15)
【分类号】：C912.82

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