虚拟研发组织信任关系研究

发布时间：2019-03-23 18:42

【摘要】：虚拟研发组织是21世纪最具资源优化和市场反应能力的研发形式,代表着国际研发活动的发展趋势,但其在中国的实践因为信任缺失而发展缓慢。探讨虚拟研发组织信任关系的特殊性,寻求促进虚拟研发组织信任关系建立的有效途径,对于解决虚拟研发组织发展中遭遇的信任瓶颈十分必要。论文首先对虚拟研发组织信任关系进行界定,将考察对象限定为虚拟研发组织中那些跨越原组织边界,与其他成员组织的研发人员合作进行虚拟研发活动的人员之间的信任关系。并且,基于建立信任在现阶段虚拟研发组织发展中的重要性,本文以信任关系的建立为核心问题展开研究。揭示了虚拟研发组织信任关系具有“信任关系形成的快速性”、“信任各方的相对平等性”、“信任关系形成的技术归属性”三个主要特征。这些特征反映出虚拟研发组织成员间信任关系的来源和构成维度也具有独特性。指出虚拟研发组织成员对合作伙伴的信任来源于对合作伙伴可信任特征的预设,包括对合作伙伴能力的预设、对合作伙伴诚信品质的预设、对合作伙伴善意的预设。基于信任关系特征和信任的构成维度,构建了虚拟研发组织信任关系形成的理论模型并对其进行了实证研究。虚拟研发组织成员间信任关系形成于三种机制：任务机制、信用机制、关系机制。信任方基于完成任务的需要,根据对合作伙伴的角色和技能的认知决定是否给予信任；基于对信用约束和保障的信心,根据对契约和合作伙伴信誉的认知决定是否给予信任；基于与合作伙伴由于既有关系、沟通和交往关系产生的认知和情感决定是否给予信任。用前因变量“角色认知”、“技能认知”反映任务机制,“信用评估”反映信用机制,“既有关系”、“沟通关系”、“交往关系”反映关系机制,开发了虚拟研发组织成员信任维度量表和信任关系前因量表,采用问卷调查和统计分析方法,证实了“角色认知”、“技能认知”、“信用评估”、“交往关系”与信任关系的形成具有明显的因果关系。在上述研究的基础上,论文综合运用管理伦理和组织行为学理论,对在虚拟研发组织中促进信任关系建立的几个因素进行了讨论。即管理者和成员的角色认知对于任务导向的信任关系的意义；完备的信用制度和坚守信用信念对信用导向信任关系的作用；情感倾向的人际交往对关系导向信任关系的影响；秉持有利于信任关系培育的“人是管理的最终目的”、“追求卓越的道德管理”等管理理念是从管理者角度建立和谐的组织人际信任关系的基础；绩效作为生产力因素及虚拟研发组织特有的高风险因素也对虚拟研发组织中的信任关系有着不可忽视的影响。
[Abstract]:Virtual R & D organization is the most resource-optimized and market-responsive R & D form in the 21st century, which represents the development trend of international R & D activities. However, its practice in China is slow due to lack of trust. In order to solve the trust bottleneck encountered in the development of virtual R & D organization, it is necessary to explore the particularity of trust relationship in virtual R & D organization and to find an effective way to promote the establishment of trust relationship in virtual R & D organization. Firstly, the trust relationship of virtual R & D organizations is defined, and the object of investigation is defined as those who cross the boundary of the original organization in the virtual R & D organization. Trust relationship between people working with R & D personnel of other member organizations for virtual R & D activities. Furthermore, based on the importance of trust-building in the development of virtual R & D organizations, this paper focuses on the establishment of trust relationship. It reveals that the trust relationship of virtual R & D organization has three main characteristics: "the rapid formation of trust relationship", "the relative equality of the trusting parties" and "the technical attribution of trust relationship". These characteristics reflect that the source and composition dimension of trust relationship among the members of virtual R & D organization is also unique. It is pointed out that the trust of the members of the virtual R & D organization comes from the presupposition of the characteristics of the partner's trust, including the presupposition of the partner's ability, the presupposition of the sincerity quality of the partner, and the presupposition of the goodwill of the partner. Based on the characteristics of trust relationship and the construction dimension of trust, this paper constructs a theoretical model of trust relationship formation in virtual R & D organizations and makes an empirical study on it. Trust relationship among members of virtual R & D organization is formed in three mechanisms: task mechanism, credit mechanism and relationship mechanism. The trusting party decides whether to trust or not based on the need to complete the task, according to the cognition of the partner's roles and skills, based on the confidence in the credit constraints and guarantees, and on the cognition of the contract and the reputation of the partner. Trust is determined based on cognitive and emotional relationships with partners as a result of established relationships, communication and communication. The former variables "role cognition", "skill cognition" reflect task mechanism, "credit evaluation" reflect credit mechanism, "existing relationship", "communication relationship" and "communication relationship" reflect relationship mechanism. The trust dimension scale and the trust relation antecedent scale of the members of the virtual R & D organization are developed. By means of questionnaire survey and statistical analysis, "role cognition", "skill cognition" and "credit evaluation" are confirmed. There is an obvious causal relationship between the relationship of communication and the formation of the relationship of trust. On the basis of the above-mentioned research, this paper discusses several factors that promote the establishment of trust relationship in virtual R & D organization by using the theories of management ethics and organizational behavior. That is, the significance of the role cognition of managers and members to the task-oriented trust relationship, the role of a complete credit system and the adherence to credit belief in the credit-oriented trust relationship, the influence of emotional tendency of interpersonal communication on the relationship-oriented trust relationship, and the role of a complete credit system and the adherence to credit belief. It is the foundation of building harmonious interpersonal trust relationship to establish harmonious organizational interpersonal trust relationship from the point of view of managers by adhering to such management concepts as "man is the ultimate goal of management" and "pursuing outstanding moral management", which is beneficial to the cultivation of trust relationship. As a productivity factor and a high-risk factor unique to virtual R & D organization, performance also has a significant impact on the trust relationship in virtual R & D organization.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：C912

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