“时间银行”互助养老方式及低龄老年人参与意愿研究

发布时间：2019-04-23 23:10

【摘要】：随着人口老龄化速度的加快,我国城市老年人的养老问题日益突出,养老机构、养老照护人员无法满足老龄化背景下的养老照护需求,意味着我国正面临着养老服务资源严重不足的挑战。居家养老仍然是大部分老年人养老的首选,在此背景下,“时间银行”互助养老方式作为居家养老的补充,其作用日益凸显。“时间银行”互助养老方式已受到广泛关注,但目前“时间银行”互助养老方式尚未很好地推进,可能存在结构要素组成不明确、实施模式不清晰、志愿者缺乏等问题,特别是低龄老年人作为核心志愿群体的的作用未充分发挥,因此有必要对低龄老年人的意愿进行探讨,以期找出影响“时间银行”互助养老方式发展的因素,并提出对策,提高低龄老年人的参与积极性。本研究在文献复习和要素梳理的基础上,以促进低龄老年人参与“时间银行”互助养老方式为目标,从低龄老年人的意愿入手,提出“时间银行”互助养老方式的对策建议。研究过程包括五个阶段:第一阶段:文献回顾。掌握国内外“时间银行”互助养老方式的研究进展。第二阶段:关键要素的梳理。开展实地调研结合文献回顾,采用5W2H方法,梳理出“时间银行”互助养老方式的关键要素,包括:参与地点、参与人群、服务时间、服务内容、组织管理、资金支持。第三阶段:调查问卷和访谈提纲的设计。以关键要素为框架,并咨询专家对问卷条目的意见,逐条进行修改,最终确立《“时间银行”互助养老方式意愿调查问卷》和访谈提纲。第四阶段:预调查,确定正式问卷和访谈提纲。对30位低龄老年人进行预调查和访谈,以发现可能存在的问题,并进一步修改,形成正式的问卷和访谈提纲。第五阶段:正式问卷调查、访谈和数据分析。采用方便抽样和随机抽样的方法,对浙江省杭州市五个主城区60-69岁397位低龄老人进行问卷调查问卷,同时对利益相关者进行访谈;结果显示低龄老年人的参与意愿较高,利益相关者对“时间银行”互助养老方式提出了意见与建议。根据调查结果并联系实际,提出“时间银行”互助养老方式的对策与若干方案建议,以更好地满足低龄老年人的互助养老意愿。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of the aging of the population, the old-age problem of the urban elderly in China is becoming more and more prominent. The old-age institutions and caregivers are unable to meet the needs of the elderly care under the background of the aging. It means that our country is facing the challenge of serious shortage of service resources for the aged. Home-based pension is still the first choice for most of the elderly, in this context, "time bank" mutual support as a supplement to the home-based pension, its role is increasingly prominent. "time bank" has received extensive attention, but at present, "time bank" mutual support pension mode has not been well promoted, there may be problems such as unclear composition of structural elements, unclear implementation mode, lack of volunteers, and so on. In particular, the role of the young elderly as a core voluntary group has not been fully brought into play, so it is necessary to explore the will of the young elderly, with a view to finding out the factors that affect the development of the "time bank" mutual support for the aged, and putting forward countermeasures, To improve the participation of the young elderly. Based on the review of the literature and the analysis of the factors, this study aims at promoting the participation of the young elderly in the "time bank" mutual pension mode, starting with the wishes of the young elderly, and puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions for the "time bank" mutual support pension mode. The research process consists of five stages: the first stage: literature review. Master the domestic and foreign "time bank" mutual aid pension mode research progress. The second stage: carding out the key elements. Field investigation combined with literature review, using 5W2H method, combed out the key elements of "time bank" mutual assistance pension, including: participating place, participating crowd, service time, service content, organization and management, financial support. The third stage: the design of questionnaire and interview outline. Taking the key elements as the framework and consulting the experts' opinions on the items of the questionnaire, this paper modifies the items one by one, and finally establishes the questionnaire and interview outline of the "time Bank" questionnaire on the willingness of Mutual Assistance to support the Old-age. Stage IV: pre-survey, identification of formal questionnaire and interview outline. A pre-survey and interview were conducted on 30 young elderly people in order to find out the possible problems and further modify them to form a formal questionnaire and interview outline. Stage V: formal questionnaire, interviews and data analysis. By means of convenient sampling and random sampling, 397 young people aged 60-69 years old in five main districts of Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, were investigated by questionnaire, and the stakeholders were interviewed at the same time. The results showed that the young elderly had a higher willingness to participate, and the stakeholders put forward suggestions and suggestions on the "time bank" mutual support pension mode. According to the survey results and with the reality, this paper puts forward the countermeasures and some suggestions of the "time bank" mutual support pension, in order to better satisfy the old people's mutual support will.
【学位授予单位】：杭州师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：C913.6

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