以微博为例浅谈网络暴力的表现形式与成因

发布时间：2019-05-24 08:21

【摘要】：根据中国互联网信息中心(以下简称“CNNIC”)发布的《第39次中国互联网发展状况统计报告》对网民的上网设备进行的调查,台式电脑、笔记本电脑的使用率均出现下降,手机成为了网民主要的上网工具。数据显示,截止2016年12月,我国手机网民规模达6. 96亿,由2015年的90.1%提升至95. 1%。网民上网设备进一步向移动端集中,网民接受和传播信息的方式发生了改变。媒体信息传播由传统的单一线性传播转变为多渠道、交叉式传播方式,更加注重人际传播,并试图将人际传播与大众传播紧密结合起来。网民接收资讯渠道也不仅限于报纸、电视和新闻客户端等传统新闻媒介,越来越多的网民选择从日常高频接触的微信、微博、各软件推送中获取资讯。根据《2016年中国互联网新闻市场研究报告》显示,社交平台、手机浏览器和新闻客户端成为互联网新闻三大主要分发渠道。其中,移动社交平台和手机浏览器基于用户规模庞大和用户高频使用的优势,成为互联网新闻用户接收信息的主要入口。近年来,以微博、微信为首的社交应用由于其具有互动性、开放性和包容性的特点受到年轻人的广泛喜爱。由于微博具有信息传播范围广、速度快、产生巨大影响力的特点,其原本的社交功能被逐渐削弱,逐渐发展为了公众获取资讯的平台。也因为这个原因,最近几年不少社会热门事件首先爆发于微博随后被广泛传播。可随之而来的是公众舆论的强大影响力所衍生的网络暴力现象。针对近年来网络暴力频发的现象,“北京八达岭野生动物园老虎咬人事件”中网民对赵女士的抨击、“罗一笑事件”中网民对父亲罗尔的指责都掀起了一场场网络舆论浪潮,也引发了网络暴力。本文以微博为例,着重分析网络暴力的表现形式和形成原因,并针对所分析原因提出几点关于网络暴力治理的看法。本文意在表达三个观点,一是网络暴力的发起者不一定是“三低网民”,在主力群体为高学历人群的微博平台之中,网络暴力也时常发生。二是网络暴力受到多种因素影响,网民只是其中一部分。三是网络暴力并不可怕,它的存在有着必然性和客观性。用科学审视的眼光看待网络暴力,科学分析其形成原因能够更好地找出缓解网络暴力切之可行的方法,知其然更要知其所以然。关于网络暴力的治理,一定要秉持着“从群众中来,到群众中去”的原则,选择网民乐于接受的方式宣传网络暴力的危害,不能将治理网络暴力停留在官方和理论层面。“官方舆论场”和“民间舆论场”之间要搭建信息互通的桥梁,网络暴力的治理要靠“疏”而非“堵”,网络暴力的治理要保证人民意见的自由表达。解决网络暴力并非一朝一夕就可完成,还要经过政府、媒体和公众三方的协调合作方能取得成效。
[Abstract]:According to the 39th Statistical report on Internet Development in China released by the China Internet Information Center (hereinafter referred to as "CNNIC"), the use of desktop computers and laptops has decreased. Mobile phone has become the main Internet tool for netizens. According to the data, as of December 2016, the size of mobile phone netizens in China reached 6. 5%. In 9.6 billion, it rose to 95 from 90.1 per cent in 2015. One. Internet devices are further concentrated on the mobile end, and the way netizens receive and disseminate information has changed. Media information communication has changed from traditional single linear communication to multi-channel, cross-cutting communication mode, paying more attention to interpersonal communication, and trying to combine interpersonal communication with mass communication closely. Netizens receive information channels are not limited to newspapers, television and news clients and other traditional news media, more and more netizens choose to obtain information from daily high-frequency contact with WeChat, Weibo and software push. According to the 2016 China Internet News Market Research report, social platforms, mobile browsers and news clients have become the three main distribution channels of Internet news. Among them, mobile social platform and mobile browser become the main entrance for Internet news users to receive information because of the large scale of users and the advantages of high frequency use of users. In recent years, social applications led by Weibo and WeChat have been widely loved by young people because of their interactive, open and inclusive characteristics. Because Weibo has the characteristics of wide dissemination of information, fast speed and great influence, its original social function has been gradually weakened and gradually developed as a platform for the public to obtain information. For this reason, many popular social events in recent years first broke out on Weibo and were then widely spread. What can be followed is the phenomenon of cyber violence derived from the strong influence of public opinion. In view of the frequent occurrence of cyber violence in recent years, the netizens attacked Ms. Zhao in the tiger bite incident at Badaling Wildlife Park in Beijing, and the netizens' accusations against their father Luo er in the Luo Yixiao incident all set off a wave of online public opinion. It also triggered cyber violence. Taking Weibo as an example, this paper focuses on the analysis of the manifestation and causes of network violence, and puts forward some views on the governance of network violence in view of the reasons analyzed. The purpose of this paper is to express three views. First, the sponsors of cyber violence are not necessarily "three low netizens". In the Weibo platform, where the main group is highly educated people, cyber violence often occurs. Second, network violence is affected by many factors, netizens are only one of them. Third, network violence is not terrible, its existence has necessity and objectivity. Looking at cyber violence from a scientific perspective, scientifically analyzing the causes of cyber violence can better find out a feasible way to alleviate cyber violence, and know why it is more important to know. With regard to the governance of cyber violence, we must adhere to the principle of "coming from and going to the masses", choose ways that netizens are willing to accept to propagandize the harm of cyber violence, and do not keep the governance of cyber violence at the official and theoretical levels. The bridge between "official public opinion field" and "folk public opinion field" should be built, the governance of network violence should rely on "sparse" rather than "blocking", and the governance of network violence should ensure the free expression of people's opinions. Solving cyber violence can not be accomplished overnight, but can be achieved through the coordination and cooperation of the government, the media and the public.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：C913.4;G206

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