幸福感:一个基于自我比较和人际比较的视角

发布时间：2019-06-13 16:20

【摘要】：文章提出一个基于自我比较和人际比较视角下的个体幸福感分析框架。首先简述了"比较"及其"比较观"下的幸福感的含义。其次,分别阐述了个体自身在单一事物(财富)之间"比较"、不同属性(情感适应性和内在可评估性)事物之间比较下的幸福感。在此基础上,重点探讨了个体与他人就单一财富、组合财富(物质财富和非物质财富)不同信息状态情形下的幸福感问题。文章认为,通过"人际比较"可以影响到个体自身的幸福水平。幸福度最低的社会状态是"贫穷了解富有者物质财富及其更多有利一面"的社会,而"富有了解贫穷者物质财富和更多不利一面"的社会整体幸福感状态最高。如果其他条件不变,当个体不知道自身周围存在有利事物、他人却知道己方的这些有利事物时,会降低社会的总体幸福感;当自己不知道自己不利事物、他人却知道己方的不利事物时,则会带来社会的总体幸福感提升。文章还分别提出了个体自身比较和人际比较下对应的幸福提升策略和政策建议。
[Abstract]:This paper presents an analysis framework of individual well-being from the perspective of self-comparison and interpersonal comparison. First of all, this paper briefly describes the meaning of happiness in comparison and its comparative view. Secondly, it expounds the happiness of the individual under the comparison between the single thing (wealth) and the different attributes (emotional adaptability and intrinsic evaluability). On this basis, this paper focuses on the happiness of individuals and others under different information states of single wealth, combined wealth (material wealth and non-material wealth). The article holds that interpersonal comparison can affect the happiness level of individuals themselves. The social state with the lowest happiness is the society in which "poverty understands the material wealth of the rich and its more beneficial side", while the society that is "rich in understanding the material wealth of the poor and more disadvantageous" has the highest overall well-being. If other conditions remain the same, when an individual does not know that there are favorable things around him, but others know these favorable things around him, it will reduce the overall well-being of society; when he does not know his own disadvantages, others will know his own disadvantages, it will lead to the improvement of the overall happiness of society. The paper also puts forward the corresponding happiness promotion strategies and policy suggestions under individual self-comparison and interpersonal comparison.
【作者单位】：上海交通大学安泰经济与管理学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(71672114,“中国文化背景下的包容性领导:构思、影响因素和双重作用机制研究”,项目负责人唐宁玉)的资助
【分类号】：C912.1;C912.6

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