地域限制对大学生求职网络利用行为的影响

发布时间：2019-06-15 13:59

【摘要】：对于社会关系网络的研究,社会学者们关注其在求职过程中发挥的作用。如果说“求职者”通过“社会关系网络”来求职获取“工作”是一个逻辑链条,那么这一逻辑链条中包含两个问题:一是求职过程中,求职者如何使用社会关系网络或使用何种社会关系网络求职,二是求职过程中,社会关系网络对于找工作会有何种影响和作用。已有研究中更侧重对第二个问题的研究,即利用社会关系网络求职对求职结果的影响。本文重点将放在对第一个问题的讨论上,求职过程中,求职者根据自身的不同情况如何利用社会关系网络。研究社会关系网络的学者认为社会是由网络构成的,网络由关系交织而成,根据关系联结的资源的不同,可以分为人情网络和信息网络。求职者嵌入在社会关系网络中,社会关系网络作为一种资源在求职过程中发挥积极作用,同时,嵌入于社会关系网络中的求职者受一定制约和限制。求职过程中的社会关系网络,称为求职网络,本文试图将求职网络的资源性与限制性结合在一起,研究求职者在受地域限制的情况下,如何利用求职网络中的人情网络和信息网络。本文以上海高校的应届大学毕业生为研究对象,包括本科生和硕士研究生,通过问卷法和访谈法收集资料,调查应届毕业生的人力资本、本专业就业倾向性情况及其对社会关系网络的使用情况。问卷设计参照边燕杰等的调查问卷,回收问卷后使用SPSS统计软件对所获数据进行分析,得出如下结论:第一,大学生求职过程中,人力资本越低,对求职网络中人情网络的利用程度越高,对信息网络的利用程度越低。第二,大学生求职过程中,本专业就业倾向性越强,对求职网络中人情网络的利用程度越低,对信息网络的利用程度越高。第三,地域限制对大学生的人力资本、本专业就业倾向性与人情网络利用程度之间的关系有调节作用;地域限制对大学生的人力资本与信息网络利用程度之间的关系有调节作用;地域限制对大学生的本专业就业倾向性与求职网络中信息网络利用程度之间的关系没有显著影响。第四,大学生求职过程中,地域限制对其人力资本与人情网络利用程度之间的关系有负向调节作用。地域限制性越强,人力资本与人情网络利用程度之间的关系越弱。大学生求职过程中,地域限制对其本专业就业倾向性与人情网络利用程度之间的关系有负向调节作用。地域限制性越强,本专业就业倾向性与人情网络利用程度之间的关系越弱。第五,大学生求职过程中,地域限制对其人力资本与信息网络利用程度之间的关系有正向调节作用。地域限制性越强,人力资本与信息网络利用程度之间的关系越强。本文通过调查研究,尝试从细节上完善对使用求职网络的研究,以期对求职网络的认识更为全面。同时也希望对大学生求职过程中有选择的使用求职网络有所助益。
[Abstract]:For the study of social relationship network, social scholars pay attention to its role in the process of job search. If "job seeker" obtains "job" through "social relationship network" is a logical chain, then this logical chain contains two questions: one is how to use social relationship network or what kind of social relationship network to find a job in the process of job search, and the other is what kind of influence and function social relationship network will have on job search in the process of job search. More emphasis has been placed on the second problem, that is, the influence of social network job search on job search results. This paper will focus on the discussion of the first problem. In the process of finding a job, how to make use of the social network according to their own situation. Scholars who study the social relationship network think that the society is composed of the network, and the network is intertwined by the relationship. According to the difference of the resources connected by the relationship, it can be divided into human network and information network. Job seekers are embedded in the social relationship network, and the social relationship network, as a kind of resource, plays an active role in the job search process. At the same time, the job seekers embedded in the social relationship network are restricted and restricted to a certain extent. The social relationship network in the process of job search, called job search network, this paper attempts to combine the resources and limitations of job search network to study how to make use of human feelings network and information network in job search network under the condition of regional restriction. This paper takes the graduates of Shanghai colleges and universities as the research object, including undergraduate and graduate students, through the questionnaire and interview methods to collect data, investigate the human capital of the graduates, the employment tendency of the major and the use of the social relationship network. The questionnaire design refers to the questionnaire of Bian Yanjie et al. After recovering the questionnaire, the data obtained are analyzed by SPSS statistical software. The following conclusions are drawn: first, the lower the human capital in the job search process of college students, the higher the utilization of human network in the job search network, and the lower the utilization of information network. Second, the stronger the employment tendency of college students in the process of job search, the lower the utilization of human network in the job search network, and the higher the utilization of information network. Thirdly, regional restriction plays an important role in regulating the relationship between college students' human capital, employment tendency of this major and the degree of human network utilization; regional restriction has a regulating effect on the relationship between college students' human capital and the degree of information network utilization; regional restriction has no significant effect on the relationship between the employment tendency of college students and the utilization degree of information network in the job search network. Fourth, in the process of college students' job search, regional restrictions play a negative role in regulating the relationship between human capital and the degree of human network utilization. The stronger the regional restriction, the weaker the relationship between human capital and the degree of human network utilization. In the process of college students' job search, geographical restriction plays a negative role in regulating the relationship between the employment tendency of their major and the degree of human network utilization. The stronger the regional restriction, the weaker the relationship between the employment tendency of the major and the degree of human network utilization. Fifth, in the process of college students' job search, regional restrictions play a positive role in regulating the relationship between their human capital and the degree of information network utilization. The stronger the regional restriction, the stronger the relationship between human capital and the degree of information network utilization. Through investigation and research, this paper tries to perfect the research on the use of job search network in detail, in order to have a more comprehensive understanding of job search network. At the same time, I also hope that it is helpful for college students to choose to use the job search network in the process of finding a job.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：C912;C913.4

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