美利坚式的“边疆”:词义源流及历史学家特纳的再阐释

发布时间：2018-04-23 13:12

本文选题：边疆 + 特纳　；参考：《社会科学战线》2012年08期

【摘要】：按照欧洲传统英语用法,"边疆"(frontier)一般指两国交界。在美国,此种含义最初得以沿用。但是,随着19世纪西进运动的大规模展开,"边疆"开始特指白人拓荒者与印第安人活动区的分野。通过统计白人分布密度并以"人口线"的形式在地图上予以标明,"边疆"得以具体呈现。特纳进一步赋予美国"边疆"以移动性和征服性的抽象内涵,并以此表达了一种承自于欧洲启蒙时代但却具有"美国例外论"色彩的社会进化观:"边疆"的推移,造就了美国本土非均衡的但却是永续性的发展。言外之意,自然意义上的北美荒野虽已拓殖完毕,但是,国内亟须改革的社会新领域和海外有待扩展的新势力范围,构成了美国延续繁荣与霸权的"新边疆"。
[Abstract]:According to traditional European English, "frontier" generally refers to the border between the two countries. In the United States, this meaning was initially adopted. However, with the large-scale expansion of the westward movement in the 19th century, the Frontier began to refer specifically to the division between the white pioneers and the Indian areas. By counting the white distribution density and marking it on the map in the form of "population line", the "frontier" can be concretely presented. Turner further gave the American "frontier" an abstract connotation of mobility and subjugation, and thus expressed a view of social evolution inherited from the European Enlightenment but with the color of "American exceptionalism": the passage of "frontier". It has created a non-balanced but sustainable development in the United States. By implication, although the wilderness of North America in the natural sense has been colonized, the new fields of society and the new sphere of influence that need to be reformed at home and abroad constitute the "new frontier" for the continued prosperity and hegemony of the United States.
【作者单位】：东北师范大学历史文化学院;
【分类号】：K097.12

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