《独断》研究

发布时间：2018-04-27 20:37

本文选题：蔡邕 + 《独断》　；参考：《陕西师范大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：《独断》作为东汉末年经学大家蔡邕在史学方面的代表作,历经千年流传已变得残缺不全、辗转多伪,后经清代学者卢文_(校正方可卒读。《独断》自问世以来就受到学者的重视,其中关于礼制典章、名物考证等方面的内容更是成为魏晋至隋唐时期学者考订、注释秦汉及前代礼仪制度的重要典籍,但多是对原文征引,而对于书籍的传播所作甚少,以致后世难见全貌,颠倒错乱难以阅读。两宋及以后则少有学者对此书进行整理和研究,待清代学者卢文_(整理后才广为流传,但仍作为考证秦汉及以前礼制典章的材料。近代以来史学界对于《独断》的研究只是将其作为考订史料的参考材料,却并未对其本身进行深入的研究,尤其是在《独断》的成书时间、成书过程、材料来源、版本流传、内容特点以及对后世的影响等方面。鉴于此,本文依托秦汉传世文献典籍,结合相关考古材料,运用两重证据法对于《独断》自成书以来版本流传、材料来源、内容特点及其对后世的影响进行了较为详细的论述与考证。本文分为以下几个部分：绪论部分论述了本文选题的目的、意义及其研究的重点,对本文涉及的研究对象作了简要的学术史回顾,重点指出了学术界长期以来对于《独断》研究的薄弱之处,及本文的创新之处。第一部分论述了作者蔡邕的生年问题以及蔡邕撰写《独断》时所具备的条件,并据此认为《独断》的成书时间大致是在蔡邕流亡的十年间,重点是对《独断》成书以来的版本流传情况进行了详细的梳理归纳,并对唐宋以来《独断》在目录学著作中的不同归属进行了有益的探讨。第二部分主要探讨了《独断》的取材。依据《独断》自身所引用的原始文献和有可能参照文献分类进行论述,前者分条解析、查询原始文献的出处；后者以《独断》的大致成书年代为时间轴,将成书之前的相关史籍与之对照梳理,逐条摘录分析,最后归纳成表,总结《独断》的取材规律,并探寻其原因。第三部分重点分析了蔡邕撰写《独断》时的内容特点及其相关制度对后世的影响。通过对蔡邕撰写《独断》中内容的特点进行分析,我们可以清楚的看到蔡邕写作《独断》的根本目的就是为了通过整肃礼制典章,来突显和加强皇权,进而实现吏治清廉,挽救国家十危难之际。《独断》一书所记载的创新制度,如舆服、朝会等对后世正史志的撰写产生了重要的影响,此后成为史志不可或缺的重要内容,并随着时代的发展逐渐细化。结语部分从整体上对于《独断》的版本流传、取材特点、写作的内容特点及其对后世史书的影响等方面进行了概括性的叙述,并提出了自己的一些观点,指出《独断》在秦汉文化史研究中具有不可替代的重要地位,希冀有助于深化这一课题的研究。
[Abstract]:Arbitrariness, as the representative work of Cai Yong in historiography in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, has become incomplete after thousands of years of spread, and has become more and more false. Lu Wen, a scholar in the Qing Dynasty, has been paid attention to by scholars since it came into being. The contents of the rules and regulations of etiquette and the textual research of famous objects have become scholars' examination from Wei, Jin to Sui and Tang dynasties, especially in the period of Wei, Jin and Sui and Tang dynasties. Annotating the important books of the etiquette system of Qin and Han dynasties, but mostly referring to the original text, but doing little for the dissemination of the books, it is difficult to see the whole picture in later generations, and it is difficult to read the reverse disorder. Few scholars collate and study this book in the Song Dynasty and later, but it is still used as the material for the textual research of the Qin and Han dynasties and the previous rites and regulations of the Qin and Han dynasties, while Lu Wen, a scholar in the Qing Dynasty, has been widely circulated after finishing up the book. Since modern times, the study of "arbitrariness" in the field of history has only used it as a reference material for the examination of historical materials, but it has not deeply studied itself, especially in the time, process, source and edition of the book of "arbitrariness". The content characteristic and the influence to the later generation and so on. In view of this, this article relies on the ancient books of the Qin and Han dynasties, combines the relevant archaeological materials, and applies the double evidence method to circulate the version of "arbitrary" since the book, the source of the material, The content characteristics and its influence on later generations are discussed and studied in detail. This article is divided into the following parts: The introduction part discusses the purpose, significance and research focus of this paper, briefly reviews the academic history of the research object involved in this paper, and points out the weakness of the academic circles for the study of arbitrariness for a long time. And the innovation of this paper. The first part discusses the problem of the author Cai Yong's birth years and the conditions that Cai Yong possessed when he wrote "arbitrariness". Based on this, the author thinks that the writing time of "arbitrariness" was roughly in the ten years of Cai Yong's exile. The emphasis of this paper is to make a detailed analysis and induction of the spread of the edition since the completion of the book, and to probe into the different attribution of arbitrariness in the bibliographic works since the Tang and Song dynasties. The second part mainly discusses the material selection of arbitrariness. It is discussed according to the original documents cited by dogmatism itself and possibly by reference to the classification of the literature. The former is divided into sections to inquire into the origin of the original documents, while the latter takes the approximate age of the book as the time axis. The relative historical books before the completion of the book were combed and analyzed one by one. Finally, they were summarized into tables, and the rules of taking materials from arbitrariness were summarized, and the reasons were explored. The third part focuses on the content characteristics of Cai Yong's writing of arbitrariness and the influence of relevant systems on later generations. By analyzing the characteristics of Cai Yong's writing of arbitrariness, we can see clearly that the fundamental purpose of Cai Yong's writing of arbitrariness is to highlight and strengthen the imperial power by purging the rules of etiquette, and then to realize the clean and clean administration of officials. The innovation system recorded in the book "arbitrariness", such as Yu Fu and Chao Hui, had an important influence on the writing of the historical chronicles of later generations, and became an indispensable and important part of the historical chronicles since then. And with the development of the times gradually refined. In the conclusion part, the author makes a general description of the version of "arbitrariness", the characteristics of materials, the characteristics of the content of writing and its influence on the history books of later generations, and puts forward some points of view. It is pointed out that arbitrariness plays an irreplaceable important role in the study of the cultural history of Qin and Han dynasties, and it is hoped that it will help to deepen the research on this subject.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K092

【参考文献】