历史记忆与历史书写——史学理论视野下的“记忆的转向”

发布时间：2018-07-11 14:14

本文选题：史学理论 + 历史书写　；参考：《史学史研究》2014年02期

【摘要】：西方史学理论自19世纪以来的发展演变是一个不断发生范式转换的过程。大约从本世纪初开始,西方史学理论进入了一个旨在调和现代主义和后现代主义的所谓后-后现代主义阶段。史学理论家已经在盘点后现代主义的后果:哪些方面仅是昙花一现,哪些方面具有永久的价值。"历史记忆"(也许还有"历史叙事")就是此类具有持久意义的论题。它既是后现代主义反对统一性追求多元性的必然结果,也因其排斥语言的经验在场性而可望成为后-后现代主义阶段进一步探讨的话题。彭刚教授在综合批判各种相关观点的基础上,通过口述史实践和古今中外的大量例证,对历史与记忆之间、记忆与真理和正义之间的复杂纠葛的关系进行了分析和阐述。在作者看来,受当下关切、文化传统、社会体制、政治权力和语言驯化等因素的制约,记忆不免具有重构和诠释的特性,但也不应因此而全然否认其通向真实过往的可能性。此外,在利用记忆伸张正义和实现政治目标之间也需作谨慎的处理和把握。我们期待更多学者参与有关历史记忆问题的讨论。
[Abstract]:The development and evolution of western historical theory since the 19 th century is a process of paradigm shift. From the beginning of this century, Western historiography theory has entered a so-called post-postmodernism stage aimed at reconciling modernism and postmodernism. Historical theorists have taken stock of the consequences of post-modernism: which are ephemeral and which are of permanent value. " Historical memory "(and perhaps" historical narration ") is a topic of lasting significance. It is not only the inevitable result of postmodernism against unity and the pursuit of pluralism, but also the topic of further discussion in postmodernism because of its rejection of the presence of language experience. On the basis of synthetically criticizing various related viewpoints, Professor Peng Gang analyzes and expounds the complex relationship between history and memory, between memory and truth and justice through the practice of oral history and a large number of examples both in ancient and modern times and in China and abroad. In the author's view, due to the constraints of current concerns, cultural tradition, social system, political power and language domestication, memory has the characteristics of reconstruction and interpretation, but it should not completely deny the possibility that it can lead to the true past. In addition, the use of memory between the pursuit of justice and political goals need to be carefully handled and grasped. We look forward to more scholars participating in the discussion on the issue of historical memory.
【作者单位】：清华大学历史系;
【分类号】：K092

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