新历史考证学与史观指导

发布时间：2018-09-10 07:30

【摘要】：因进步历史观的指导而推动史学研究臻于新境,这是学术演进的通则。20世纪新历史考证学经历了两次质的飞跃,前一次是在"五四"前后,后一次是在1949年以后;其根本原因,都是由于历史观的指导使考证学者的治史观念、学术视野和研究方法产生了重大变化而引起的。新中国成立初年全国范围内掀起学习马列主义的热潮,一批原先在严密考证上训练有素、重视因果关系等治史观念的学者,接受了唯物史观指导,自觉地探求历史演进的本质性和规律性认识,遂将新历史考证学推向了新的发展阶段。蒙文通、谭其骧、唐长孺、赵光贤等位学者,分别在通论性研究、民族史研究、历史地理学、断代史研究等领域取得了令人瞩目的成就,即为其中的出色代表。唯物史观是科学的历史观,又是科学的思想方法论,它与新历史考证学的方法互相贯通,而又具有更高的科学性和更深刻的洞察力。精熟典籍、考证严密的学者掌握了它,思想认识能力就能大大得到提升,在学术研究上跃进到新的阶段。这是20世纪中国史学演进极其宝贵的思想遗产,值得我们高度珍视并予以大力发扬。
[Abstract]:This is the general principle of academic evolution. New historical textual research in the 20th century has undergone two qualitative leaps. The first time was around the May 4th Movement and the second after 1949. All of them are caused by the great changes of scholars' ideas of history management, academic vision and research methods under the guidance of historical view. In the early years of the founding of the people's Republic of China, there was a nationwide upsurge in studying Marxism-Leninism. A group of scholars who had previously trained in rigorous textual research and attached importance to the concept of causality and other historical concepts received the guidance of historical materialism. By consciously exploring the essence and regularity of historical evolution, the new historical textual research has been pushed to a new stage of development. Meng Wentong, Tan Qixiang, Tang Changru and Zhao Guangxian, respectively, have made remarkable achievements in the fields of general theory, national history, historical geography and history of dynasties. Historical materialism is a scientific view of history and a scientific methodology of thought. It is intertwined with the methods of new historical textual research and has a higher scientific nature and a deeper insight. If the scholars master it, the understanding ability will be greatly improved, and the academic research will jump to a new stage. This is an extremely precious ideological heritage of the evolution of Chinese historiography in the 20th century.
【作者单位】：北京师范大学历史学院史学研究所;
【分类号】：K092

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