法国公共发展援助的管理与评估

发布时间：2018-01-06 07:11

本文关键词：法国公共发展援助的管理与评估　出处：《外交学院》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：发展援助是国家发展对外关系的重要方面。法国政府历来重视发展援助问题，将其作为外交战略的重要组成部分。近年来，法国在此方面做出了很大的努力，其公共发展援助的总额及对外援助占国民收入的比例在经合组织国家中名列前茅。法国制定了“优先团结地区”政策，特别关注与其国家利益密切相关的国家与地区的援助。2000年联合国千年发展目标及2005年《巴黎援助有效性宣言》的促使法国加大公共发展援助的力度并将其公共发展援助纳入到有效评估的框架下。目前，法国公共援助属于中央集权式管理，整个援助体系由总理亲自主持，由“部际合作与发展委员会”作为决策机构，协调各部门在发展援助方面的政策和行动。法国外交部及财政部负责管理、监督和评估公共发展援助项目和计划，而具体的援助事务，由法国开发署负责执行。法国的公共发展援助有着广泛的融资渠道。除了国家划拨的援助资金，法国开发署还通过在国际资本市场上的资本运作，获得大量低息贷款，并将其转贷给受援国或为受援国企业提供担保。此外，法国外交部、财政部及法国开发署分别管理着几只专项基金，用于健康、环保等重点领域的援助。值得指出的是，，法国拥有较为完善的发展援助评估体系。除了法国外交部、财政部及法国开发署对项目实施结果的评估，每隔几年，法国审计法院及经济合作组织下属的发展援助委员会还将对其发展援助的效果进行评估。法国的公共发展援助体系，对我国对外援助具有很多启示。当前，我国公共发展援助主要由商务部对外援助司负责。商务部与外交部、教育部等部门共同担任对外援助的重任。当前机制下，部际之间的协调沟通有时不够通畅，对援助的效果产生了一定的影响。此外，还存在融资渠道单一、评估体系不完善等问题。对法国公共发展援助管理及评估体系的研究，对健全我国对外援助体系，提高对外援助效果有一定借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:Development assistance is an important aspect of the development of the country's foreign relations. The French Government has always attached importance to the issue of development assistance as an important part of its diplomatic strategy. In recent years, France has made great efforts in this regard. Its total public development assistance and foreign aid as a percentage of national income are among the highest among OECD countries. France has a policy of "priority solidarity areas". Special attention to aid from countries and regions closely related to their national interests. The United Nations Millennium Development goals of 2000 and the Paris Declaration on Aid effectiveness of 2005 prompted France to increase its public development assistance. And include its public development assistance in the framework of effective assessment. At present, French public aid is centrally administered, with the entire aid system under the personal supervision of the Prime Minister, with the Inter-Ministerial Committee for Cooperation and Development as the decision-making body. Coordination of sectoral policies and actions in the area of development assistance. The French Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Ministry of Finance are responsible for the management, supervision and evaluation of public development assistance projects and programmes, as well as for specific aid matters. The implementation is under the responsibility of the French Development Agency. France's public development assistance has a wide range of financing channels. In addition to the aid funds allocated by the State, the French Development Agency also receives a large number of low-interest loans through capital operations in international capital markets. In addition, the French Foreign Ministry, the Ministry of Finance and the French Development Agency each manage several special funds for aid in key areas such as health and environmental protection. It is worth noting that France has a better evaluation system for development assistance. In addition to the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Ministry of Finance and the French Development Agency evaluate the results of project implementation every few years. The Court of Audit of France and the Development Assistance Committee of the Economic Cooperation Organization will also assess the effectiveness of their development assistance. The public development aid system of France has a lot of enlightenment to China's foreign aid. At present, the foreign aid department of Ministry of Commerce is mainly in charge of the public development aid of our country, the Ministry of Commerce and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The Ministry of Education and other departments jointly take on the responsibility of foreign aid. Under the current mechanism, the inter-ministerial coordination and communication are sometimes not smooth enough, which has a certain impact on the aid effect. In addition, there is a single financing channel. The research on the management and evaluation system of French public development aid has certain reference significance to perfect our country's foreign aid system and improve the effect of foreign aid.
【学位授予单位】：外交学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D856.5

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