中国中东外交政策制定中的公众因素影响研究

发布时间：2018-02-01 05:16

本文关键词： 外交政策公众因素中国中东外交外交机制创新民意政治　出处：《上海外国语大学》2012年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文以外交决策理论为依托，从“公众-政府”视角探讨了中国开展“公众外交”后“公众因素对外交政策制定”的影响。研究聚焦于公众因素对中国中东外交政策制定过程的影响，重点着眼于两个方面：一是通过回顾公众因素参与中国对中东外交的历史，分析其特点、格局、动因、路径；二是通过公众因素参与中国对中东外交的典型案例分析，发现面向公众的中东外交政策制定机制有待充实和完善，提出了促进外交决策机制创新的建议。本文主要从四个方面研究公众因素对中国中东外交政策制定的影响：一、公众参与中东外交政策制定的历史。本文将有关中国“公众因素对外交政策制定”影响的研究从中国与各大国的外交延伸到中国与地区关系的领域，既兼顾整个中东大局，又聚焦中东地区不同文化、民族的区域如阿拉伯、以色列、伊朗、土耳其等。在对中国公众群体进行适度分类的基础上，对公众参与外交政策制定进行了历史发展阶段的梳理。通过中国公众对中东地区及其主要国家认识过程研究，分析了公众关注中东外交的历史和现实原因，既有作为对大国间关系持续关注的延展需要，也有对同处转型时期社会对比考虑的需要，其表现形式呈现出受情感、利益和道义（责任）三种要素的影响。二、公众参与中东外交政策制定的里程碑。本文将研究对象具体指向中东地区，这一在中国与地区关系层面开展“外交政策制定与公众参与”研究中具有代表意义和高度现实需求的场域。以在中国公众因素影响中东外交政策制定方面具有里程碑意义的伊拉克战争为研究重点，，分析了公众因素参与所呈现的新动向（如媒体以创新形式全方位报道影响公众参与程度、公众在伊拉克战争前的“反战”与“挺战”情绪等）、新特点（如运用网络载体表达明确意见、公众意见与政府立场遥相呼应但不尽相同、表达内容理性与率性相伴等）、新格局（公众在整个过程中以各种组合方式向政府表达意见，政府也给予回应，在各个行为体互动的过程中呈现出多样而丰富的交流）。三、公众参与中东外交政策制定的动因。本文认为中国公众对于中东外交的参与已涵盖普通大众、媒体、学者、思想库、行业组织、公民团体等各类公众群体。伊拉克战争以后，面对形势多变、与中国重要利益日益密切的中东格局，中国中东外交政策制定受到了更为广泛、深入、持续的公众影响。本文通过案例分析的方式，提出了公众深度关注中国中东外交的六方面主要动因，即：国家主权利益、地缘政治利益、海外经济利益、海外公民安全利益、外国对华公共外交、价值观作为内政评价标准在外交中的凸显。四、外交决策机制建设。本文客观评价中国公众因素对中国中东外交政策制定的影响力，指出了中国中东外交政策制定机制有待充实和完善。提出了增强外交能力，促进外交决策机制创新的建议，如构建涉及外交事务的国民教育机制、完善非涉密外交事务的信息发布机制、充实外交事务公众参与机制、完善政府与公众之间的互动机制。论文提出要认知、理解并关注公众对中国外交政策制定参与兴趣迅速增加、影响程度不断提升的趋势，建议建立一种政府外交政策制定部门与公众之间良性互动的机制。
[Abstract]:Based on the theory of foreign policy as the basis, from the "public government" perspective of the Chinese carry out "public diplomacy" after the "public foreign policy factors" influence. Study focused on public factors making influence on the process of Chinese foreign policy in the Middle East, focusing on two aspects: one is through the review of public participation factors China of Middle East diplomacy history, analyzes its characteristics, structure, motivation, path; two are involved in the analysis of typical cases of China diplomacy in the Middle East by public factors, found that foreign policy in the Middle East for the public is to enrich and perfect the development mechanism, put forward to promote the innovation of diplomatic decision-making mechanism is proposed.
This paper mainly studies the influence of public factors on the formulation of Chinese Middle East foreign policy from four aspects.
A, public participation in the Middle East foreign policy history. This paper will Chinese about "public factors of foreign policy making research on the effect from China with each power extended to the China area and foreign relations, not only take into account the entire Middle East, and the Middle East focus of different cultures, ethnic regions such as Arabia, Israel. Iran, Turkey and so on. Based on the classification of Chinese moderate public group, on public participation in the foreign policy of the historical stage of development. Through the process of combing the Chinese public in the Middle East and its main national awareness, analysis of the public diplomacy in the middle east the historical and practical reasons, both as to the relations between big powers continue pay attention to extension needs, also need to consider in the comparative period of social transformation, in the form of showing emotions, interests and moral (responsibility) to three The effect of the element.
Two, public participation in the formulation of foreign policy in the Middle East milepost. This study will be specific to the Middle East, the Chinese and region level to carry out "foreign policy field representative and highly realistic demand research and public participation". In order to influence foreign policy in the Middle East has formulated China public milepost significance the Iraq war is the focus of the study, analysis of the new trends of public participation factors (such as media to innovative forms of full coverage influence the degree of public participation, the public before the Iraq war "anti war" and "a war" sentiment, etc.) new features (such as the use of network expression clear opinion, public opinion and the government's position with but not identical, the expression content of rational and straightforwardness etc.), accompanied by new pattern (the public in the whole process in a variety of combinations to express the government Opinion, the government is also responding, in the process of interaction between the various actors showing a variety of rich communication.
Three, the public participation motivation of diplomacy in the Middle East policies. The Chinese public participation for Middle East diplomacy has been covered by the general public, the media, academics, think tanks, industry organizations, civic groups and other public groups. After the Iraq war, facing the situation is changeable, is closely related to the vital interests of the Middle East China pattern, China foreign policy in the Middle East by making more extensive, in-depth, sustained public effects. In this paper, by means of case analysis, put forward the public depth focus on six aspects of the main motive, Chinese Middle East Diplomacy: the nation's sovereign interests, geopolitical interests, economic interests overseas, overseas citizen security interests, foreign public diplomacy to China, highlighting the values as the interior the evaluation standard in diplomacy.
Four, the construction of diplomatic decision-making mechanism. The objective evaluation factors of Chinese China public diplomacy in the Middle East policy influence, pointed out the Chinese diplomacy in the Middle East policy-making mechanism needs to be improved and enriched. Put forward to enhance diplomatic ability, promote the innovation of diplomatic decision-making mechanism is proposed, such as the construction of foreign affairs involving the national education system, improve the non classified foreign affairs the information release mechanism, enrich foreign affairs public participation mechanism, improve the interaction mechanism between the government and the public. This paper puts forward to cognition, understanding and concern of the public on foreign policy Chinese participation interest increased rapidly, the influence degree of the rising trend, the mechanism of interaction between the establishment of a foreign government departments and the public policy recommendations.

【学位授予单位】：上海外国语大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D820;D815.4

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