美国记者白修德在华时期对国共两党的认知研究

发布时间：2018-02-04 22:29

  本文关键词： 白修德 在华经历 国民政府 共产党 中国命运　出处：《延安大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：白修德(1915年5月-1986年5月),原名西奥多·H·怀特,他是在抗战时期来华的美国记者、作家,时任美国《时代》杂志驻中国的战地记者,是美国新闻大亨亨利·卢斯的得力助手。他在哈佛大学所学的专业是历史学,但受导师费正清的引导,后来从事了新闻报道工作。他于1939年4月到达重庆,先在国民政府宣传部工作,后赴西北考察,打破了蒋政权的新闻封锁,亲历和报道了河南大饥荒,又揭露“史迪威事件”真相,并于1944年10月到访延安。根据在华六年的经历和观察,白修德逐渐对国共两党的本质有了清晰的认知,他看到了蒋介石政权的腐朽和专制,转变了来华初期对蒋政权的态度,转而同情和支持中国共产党,并预言:国民党将会失败,中共定会掌握政权。由于他坚持自己的观点和立场报道中国真相,抗战结束后,白修德返回美国并与《时代》主编亨利·卢斯分道扬镳,1946年他和贾安娜合著《中国的惊雷》一书,向世界揭示中国抗战内幕,影响深远。全文分为四个部分进行论述,具体如下:第一,白修德来华的背景。一方面是由于艰辛贫困的童年生活造就了他刻苦努力的品质,为后来他能够成为一名新闻记者打下了基础;另一方面是由于费正清的欣赏和帮助,引导他走向了新闻记者的职业生涯,在战时中国进行新闻报道。第二,白修德来华后与国民党政权的接触并对其做出的认知与判断。以白修德来华与国民党接触和交往的历史细节为基础,通过白修德在宣传部的工作、西北之行、报道河南饥荒等经历,从中总结和概括他对国民党政权的认知。第三,白修德赴延安与共产党政权的接触并对其做出的认知与判断。白修德通过到访延安进行考察,对中共有了更为深刻的认知,了解了国共两党的本质区别,对战时中国未来的前途做出了预言。第四,白修德在华经历所产生的影响。白修德在华六年的经历,不仅使他的个人命运发生转变,而且使他认清了国共两党的本质和前途,同时他揭开了美国主流媒体对蒋介石腐朽政权揭露的序幕。
[Abstract]:Pai Su-tak (May 1915-May 1986, formerly Theodore H. White) was an American journalist, writer, and war correspondent for time magazine in China during the War of Resistance against Japan. He was the right-hand man of American news tycoon Henry Luce. His major at Harvard was history, but he was guided by his mentor, John King Fairbank. He arrived in Chongqing on April 1939, first in the propaganda department of the National Government, and then in the northwest, breaking the news blockade of the Chiang regime and experiencing and reporting on the famine in Henan. He also exposed the truth of the "Stilwell incident" and visited Yenan on October 1944. Based on six years of experience and observation in China, Basiu Tak gradually had a clear understanding of the nature of the two parties. He saw the decadence and autocracy of Jiang Jieshi's regime, changed his initial attitude toward Chiang's regime, and turned to sympathize with and support the Communist Party of China, and predicted that the Kuomintang would fail. Because he insisted on his views and positions to report the truth about China, after the War of Resistance, Basiud returned to the United States and parted ways with Henry Luce, editor of Times. In 1946, he and Juana co-authored "Thunder of China", which revealed the insider of China's War of Resistance to Japan to the world and had far-reaching influence. The full text is divided into four parts to discuss, the details are as follows: first. On the one hand, because of his difficult and poor childhood, he worked hard and laid the foundation for him to become a journalist. On the other hand, because of his appreciation and help, John King Fairbank led him to a career as a journalist and carried out news coverage in wartime China. On the basis of the historical details of the contacts and exchanges between Bai Xiude and the Kuomintang in China, through his work in the propaganda Department and his trip to Northwest China. This paper reports the experiences of famine in Henan Province and summarizes his cognition of the Kuomintang regime. Third. Bai Xiude went to Yenan to contact with the Communist regime and made the cognition and judgment. Through his visit to Yan'an, Bai Xiude had a deeper understanding of the CPC and understood the essential difference between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. He predicted the future of China during the war. 4th, the influence of Bai Xiude's experience in China. His six years' experience in China not only changed his personal destiny. It also made him recognize the essence and future of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, and at the same time he opened the prologue of the American mainstream media to reveal the corrupt regime of Jiang Jieshi.
【学位授予单位】：延安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D829.712

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