印度核武化进程与印美核关系的演变

发布时间：2018-02-25 01:05

本文关键词： 印度核武化美国核关系　出处：《暨南大学》2010年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 印度是当今国际关系中有重要影响力的国家之一,有着独立自主的外交传统,在其核武器发展进程中,走了一条与众不同之路,经历了坚持和平利用到不放弃军事应用再到重视和平利用的过程,呈现出非连贯和不放弃的特点,直到1998年核试验后才成为事实上的核国家。随后,在国际社会的压力下,印度调整了核政策,采取了冻结核试验以及重视与国际社会进行民用核能合作的政策,同时加强构建“三位一体”的核力量,制定了“可信的、最低限度的”核威慑战略。在核武化进程中,印度与美国产生了严重的分歧与冲突,印度视发展核武器为国家的根本利益和维护国家安全的有效方式,美国将防扩散作为国家的重要利益和对外政策的重点,在核问题上,印美之间经历了长期的博弈。直至印美正式开展民用核能合作之前,核问题一直是印美关系中绕不开的话题。关于印度核武化与印美核关系,本文主要从五个方面进行分析和论述。首先,以时间为线索,系统阐述印度独立以来核武化的具体进程,详细考察印度历史上主要领导人对核武化道路的态度和影响,展现印度发展核武器从道义到现实的转变。其次,运用现实主义理论、历史学思维与层次分析法,从国际、地区、国家和个人四个层次解析印度发展核武器的动因。其三,分析并论述印美核关系的演变历程,重点论述印美民用核能合作协议的生效进程。其四,运用美国理想主义与现实主义动态平衡的外交理念,分析美国对印度核政策转变的原因,论述印美民用核能合作在双边、地区以及国际层面的影响力。最后,探讨和展望印度的核发展趋势、印度的核武器国家地位、奥巴马“无核世界”理念对印美关系可能带来的变化以及印美核关系的变动对中国带来的挑战与机遇。
[Abstract]:India, one of the most influential countries in international relations today, has an independent diplomatic tradition and has taken a different path in its nuclear weapons development process. Having experienced the process of insisting on peaceful use, from not abandoning military applications to attaching importance to peaceful uses, showing the characteristics of non-continuity and non-abandonment, and becoming a de facto nuclear State only after the nuclear test of 1998. Subsequently, under pressure from the international community, India has adjusted its nuclear policy, adopted a policy of freezing nuclear testing and attaching importance to civil nuclear cooperation with the international community, while strengthening the construction of a "trinity" of nuclear forces and establishing "credible," The minimum "nuclear deterrence strategy... In the process of nuclear disarmament, India and the United States have had serious differences and conflicts. India regards the development of nuclear weapons as the fundamental interest of the country and an effective way to safeguard its national security." The United States has made non-proliferation an important national interest and the focus of its foreign policy. On the nuclear issue, India and the United States have experienced a long-term game until India and the United States formally launch civil nuclear energy cooperation. The nuclear issue has always been an inextricable topic in India-US relations. As to India's nuclear weaponization and India-US nuclear relations, this paper mainly analyzes and discusses from five aspects. Firstly, taking time as a clue, this paper systematically expounds the specific process of India's nuclear weaponization since independence. To examine in detail the attitude and influence of the major leaders in India's history on the road to nuclear weapons and to show the change from morality to reality in the development of nuclear weapons in India. Secondly, by using realism theory, historical thinking and analytic hierarchy process, and from the international and regional perspectives, The reasons for India's development of nuclear weapons are analyzed at four levels: third, the evolution of India-US nuclear relations is analyzed and discussed, with emphasis on the process of entry into force of the India-US civil nuclear energy cooperation agreement. Using the diplomatic idea of dynamic balance between American idealism and realism, this paper analyzes the reasons for the change of American nuclear policy towards India, and discusses the influence of India-US civil nuclear energy cooperation on bilateral, regional and international levels. This paper discusses and looks forward to India's nuclear development trend, India's status as a nuclear weapon state, Obama's "nuclear-free world" concept and the possible changes in India-US relations, as well as the challenges and opportunities brought to China by the changes in India-US nuclear relations.
【学位授予单位】：暨南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D835.1;D815.2

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